一、工業互聯網平臺是什么?
1.1 工業互聯網平臺是工業互聯網的“操作系統”
工業互聯網平臺是面向制造業數字化、網絡化、智能化需求，構建基于海量數據采集、匯聚、 分析的服務體系，支撐制造資源泛在連接、彈性供給、高效配置的工業云平臺，是工業互聯 網的“操作系統”。工業互聯網平臺包括邊緣層、IaaS、PaaS 和 SaaS 四個層級。其中，邊 緣層是基礎，向下接入工業設備實現數據的采集與處理;工業 PaaS 層是核心，基于通用 PaaS 并融合大數據、人工智能多種創新功能，將工業機理沉淀為模型，實現數據的深度分 析并為 SaaS 層提供開發環境，是平臺核心能力的集中體現。應用層是關鍵，主要提供覆蓋 不同行業、不同領域的工業 APP 及創新性應用，形成工業互聯網平臺的最終價值。 對應從邊緣層到 SaaS 層的體系架構，工業互聯網平臺主要包括 4 大功能：(1)多源異構 數據采集，將網絡層面采集的多源、異構、海量數據，傳輸至工業互聯網平臺，為深度分析 和應用提供基礎;(2)海量數據處理，提供大數據、人工智能分析的算法模型和物理、化學 等各類仿真工具，結合數字孿生、工(gong)業(ye)智能等技(ji)術(shu)，對海量數據挖掘(jue)分析，實現數據驅動的 科學決策和(he)智能應用(yong);(3)行(xing)業(ye)機理模(mo)型(xing)沉淀，將工(gong)業(ye)經驗知識轉化為平臺上的模(mo)型(xing)庫、知 識庫，并通過(guo)工(gong)業(ye)微(wei)服(fu)務(wu)組件方式，方便二(er)次開發和(he)重復調用(yong)，加速共(gong)性能力沉淀和(he)普及(ji); (4)工(gong)業(ye)應用(yong)軟(ruan)件開發，面向研發設計(ji)、設備管理、企(qi)業(ye)運營、資源調度等場景，提供(gong)各 類工(gong)業(ye) APP、云(yun)化軟(ruan)件，幫助(zhu)企(qi)業(ye)提質增效。
1.2 工業互聯網平臺同 PLM、PDM 等傳統工業軟件的區別
相較于 PLM、PDM 等本地部署的產(chan)品(pin)數據管(guan)理類(lei)軟件，工業互聯網平臺(tai)的概念和功(gong)能(neng)范圍 更廣。
PDM(Production Data Management)，即產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)數據(ju)管(guan)理(li)(li)軟件(jian)，主(zhu)要(yao)用(yong)于(yu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)研(yan)發(fa)過程的(de)(de)(de) 數據(ju)管(guan)理(li)(li)，包(bao)括數據(ju)文(wen)檔管(guan)理(li)(li)、圖紙管(guan)理(li)(li)、CAD 集成(cheng)、可(ke)視化(hua)管(guan)理(li)(li)、物(wu)料管(guan)理(li)(li)與(yu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)結(jie)構 管(guan)理(li)(li)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)配置管(guan)理(li)(li)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)流管(guan)理(li)(li)、組織管(guan)理(li)(li)、權限管(guan)理(li)(li)等(deng)。PLM(Production Lifecycle Management)，即產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)命周期管(guan)理(li)(li)軟件(jian)，是(shi) PDM 概念(nian)和(he)思想的(de)(de)(de)延伸，PLM 包(bao)含(han) PDM 的(de)(de)(de)全(quan)部內容，PDM 的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能是(shi) PLM 系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)子集，同時(shi) PLM 又強調對產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)從需求、立項(xiang)、研(yan) 發(fa)設計、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)制(zhi)造到產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)交付和(he)售(shou)后維(wei)護全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)命周期內跨越供應鏈的(de)(de)(de)所有信息進(jin)行(xing)管(guan)理(li)(li)和(he)利 用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)概念(nian)。 相較(jiao)于(yu) PDM 及 PLM 等(deng)本地部署(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)傳統工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)軟件(jian)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)聯網(wang)平(ping)臺采(cai)用(yong)云化(hua)部署(shu)(shu)方式(shi)，其(qi) 概念(nian)和(he)功(gong)能范圍更(geng)廣(guang)。概念(nian)范圍上(shang)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)聯網(wang)平(ping)臺不僅(jin)僅(jin)局限于(yu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)數據(ju)環(huan)節(jie)，而(er)是(shi)覆(fu)蓋 企業(ye)從研(yan)發(fa)設計、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)制(zhi)造、運維(wei)服務到經(jing)營管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)全(quan)環(huan)節(jie)。功(gong)能范圍上(shang)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)聯網(wang)平(ping)臺 不僅(jin)僅(jin)起到生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營各環(huan)節(jie)數據(ju)打(da)通的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)，其(qi)還可(ke)通過部署(shu)(shu)在邊(bian)緣側設備端的(de)(de)(de)大(da)量(liang)傳感器(qi) 實時(shi)采(cai)集各類設備運行(xing)數據(ju)，匯聚至工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)聯網(wang)平(ping)臺側進(jin)行(xing)建模分析和(he)應用(yong)。此外，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu) 聯網(wang)平(ping)臺還可(ke)通過封裝在其(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye) PaaS 層的(de)(de)(de)大(da)量(liang)通用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)業(ye) Know-how 知(zhi)識經(jing)驗或知(zhi)識組 件(jian)以及算法和(he)原理(li)(li)模型組件(jian)，以低代碼方式(shi)構建上(shang)層工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye) APP 應用(yong)等(deng)各類云化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)軟件(jian)。
1.3 工業 APP 同傳統工業軟件的區別
工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 是依托(tuo)于(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯網(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)或工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)操(cao)作系(xi)(xi)統(tong)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)，面(mian)(mian)向特定工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)場景(jing)，解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)決(jue)(jue) 具(ju)體(ti)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)，基于(yu)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)引擎、資(zi)(zi)源、模型和業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務組件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，將工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機理、技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)、知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)、 算法與(yu)最佳工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)實踐進行(xing)(xing)代碼化封裝而形(xing)成的(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)程(cheng)(cheng)序(xu)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 具(ju)有(you)六(liu)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)典型特征： (1)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 是某(mou)一(yi)(yi)項或某(mou)些具(ju)體(ti)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)形(xing)態的(de)(de)載(zai)(zai)體(ti);(2)每(mei)一(yi)(yi)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 承載(zai)(zai)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)決(jue)(jue)某(mou)項具(ju)體(ti)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)，解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)決(jue)(jue)特定具(ju)體(ti)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti);(3)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 功能單一(yi)(yi)，體(ti) 量相(xiang)對較小;(4)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 可(ke)以(yi)不(bu)(bu)被緊耦合(he)約(yue)束到某(mou)一(yi)(yi)具(ju)體(ti)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)，可(ke)與(yu)其(qi)(qi)他應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)程(cheng)(cheng) 序(xu)或 APP 通(tong)過(guo)(guo)接口交互(hu)(hu)實現(xian)松耦合(he)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong);(5)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 從概念提出到開發、應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)以(yi)及生態 構建與(yu)形(xing)成都是基于(yu)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)開展(zhan)的(de)(de);(6)每(mei)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 只解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)決(jue)(jue)特定問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)，對于(yu)一(yi)(yi)些復(fu)(fu)雜(za)(za)(za)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)，可(ke)以(yi)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)分解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)將復(fu)(fu)雜(za)(za)(za)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)變成一(yi)(yi)系(xi)(xi)列(lie)單一(yi)(yi)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)，每(mei)一(yi)(yi)個單一(yi)(yi)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)由對應(ying)(ying)(ying)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 來(lai)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)決(jue)(jue)。 工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 是一(yi)(yi)種新形(xing)態的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，同 CAD、CAE、PLM、MES 等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)傳統(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)相(xiang)比(bi)， 其(qi)(qi)差異主要(yao)包括以(yi)下五點：(1)部(bu)署方(fang)式(shi)上(shang)(shang)，傳統(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)通(tong)常(chang)本地(di)化部(bu)署，而工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 通(tong)常(chang)采用(yong)(yong)云化等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)部(bu)署方(fang)式(shi);(2)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)方(fang)式(shi)上(shang)(shang)，傳統(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)包含完(wan)整工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)要(yao)素，如(ru)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu) 引擎、數據庫(ku)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)，而工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 必(bi)須依托(tuo)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)提供(gong)的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)引擎、資(zi)(zi)源、模型等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)完(wan)成開發與(yu)運(yun) 行(xing)(xing);(3)軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)復(fu)(fu)雜(za)(za)(za)度上(shang)(shang)，傳統(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)往往體(ti)量較大，操(cao)作使用(yong)(yong)復(fu)(fu)雜(za)(za)(za)，需(xu)要(yao)具(ju)備某(mou)些專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)領 域知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)才能使用(yong)(yong)，而工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 則小輕靈(ling)、易操(cao)作;(4)可(ke)擴展(zhan)性(xing)上(shang)(shang)，傳統(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)通(tong)常(chang)是 緊耦合(he)的(de)(de)，而工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 可(ke)以(yi)不(bu)(bu)被緊耦合(he)約(yue)束到某(mou)一(yi)(yi)具(ju)體(ti)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)，可(ke)與(yu)其(qi)(qi)他應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)程(cheng)(cheng)序(xu)或 APP 通(tong)過(guo)(guo)接口交互(hu)(hu)實現(xian)松耦合(he)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong);(5)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)功能上(shang)(shang)，傳統(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)決(jue)(jue)抽象層次的(de)(de) 通(tong)用(yong)(yong)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)，如(ru) CAD 軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)提供(gong)面(mian)(mian)向幾何建模的(de)(de)高(gao)度抽象的(de)(de)功能應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)，而工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 則用(yong)(yong)于(yu) 解(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)決(jue)(jue)特定具(ju)體(ti)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)，如(ru)某(mou)類(lei)齒輪設計 APP 只能完(wan)成該類(lei)型齒輪設計，無法用(yong)(yong)于(yu)其(qi)(qi)他類(lei) 型齒輪的(de)(de)設計工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)。
二、工業企業為什么要上工業互聯網平臺?
2.1 工業企業數字化、智能化轉型內需驅動工業互聯網平臺建設
宏觀(guan)層面，我(wo)(wo)國(guo)經濟社會(hui)發(fa)展(zhan)正(zheng)(zheng)處于新(xin)舊(jiu)動能轉(zhuan)換的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵時(shi)期，近(jin)年工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)增加值增長(chang)逐步趨 緩(huan)，我(wo)(wo)國(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)面臨高(gao)(gao)投入(ru)、高(gao)(gao)能耗、高(gao)(gao)污染、低效益(yi)等問題，嚴重(zhong)制(zhi)約我(wo)(wo)國(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)經濟的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)質(zhi) 量發(fa)展(zhan)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)通過(guo)數字(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、智能化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)轉(zhuan)型(xing)帶動企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)降(jiang)本增效的(de)(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)迫切(qie)。 中觀(guan)層面，當前我(wo)(wo)國(guo)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)正(zheng)(zheng)處于由(you)(you)數字(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、網(wang)絡化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)向智能化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)階段，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)數據(ju)的(de)(de)(de) 快速(su)增長(chang)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)數據(ju)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具，以實(shi)現海(hai)量數據(ju)低成(cheng)本、高(gao)(gao)可靠(kao)的(de)(de)(de)存儲和管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li);數據(ju)的(de)(de)(de)豐 富為(wei)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)開展(zhan)更加精(jing)(jing)細化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和精(jing)(jing)準化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)創(chuang)造(zao)(zao)了前提，但工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)場(chang)景高(gao)(gao)度復雜，行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)知識千 差萬別，傳統由(you)(you)少數大型(xing)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)驅(qu)動的(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)創(chuang)新(xin)模式(shi)難以滿足(zu)不(bu)同企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)差異化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)，迫切(qie)需(xu)(xu) 要(yao)(yao)一(yi)個開放(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)創(chuang)新(xin)載體(ti)，通過(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)數據(ju)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)知識與(yu)(yu)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)功能的(de)(de)(de)開放(fang)(fang)調用(yong)(yong)(yong)，降(jiang)低應用(yong)(yong)(yong)創(chuang) 新(xin)門檻(jian)，實(shi)現智能化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)快速(su)增長(chang)。 微觀(guan)層面，為(wei)快速(su)響(xiang)應市場(chang)變化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)間(jian)在設(she)計(ji)、生產等領域的(de)(de)(de)并行(xing)組織(zhi)與(yu)(yu)資源(yuan)協同日 益(yi)頻繁(fan)，要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)設(she)計(ji)、生產和管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)系(xi)統都要(yao)(yao)更好支持(chi)與(yu)(yu)其他(ta)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)業(ye)(ye)(ye)務交互，這就需(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)一(yi) 個新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)交互工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具，實(shi)現不(bu)同主體(ti)、不(bu)同系(xi)統間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)效集成(cheng)。海(hai)量數據(ju)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)創(chuang)新(xin)與(yu)(yu) 深(shen)度業(ye)(ye)(ye)務協同，是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互聯網(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)驅(qu)動力量。
2.2 工業互聯網平臺較傳統工業 IT 架構優勢明顯
傳(chuan)統(tong)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) IT 架構下數(shu)據碎片(pian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、信息(xi)孤(gu)島化(hua)(hua)(hua)，無法(fa)(fa)靈活(huo)快速響應新(xin)需(xu)求(qiu)。傳(chuan)統(tong)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)自動化(hua)(hua)(hua) 及工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)件的(de)(de)本(ben)質是把生(sheng)產操作和管理流(liu)(liu)程通過軟(ruan)硬件系統(tong)方式予以固(gu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，從(cong)而(er)建立垂直制 造體(ti)系，這一(yi)體(ti)系下負責不同(tong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務環節(jie)或(huo)流(liu)(liu)程的(de)(de)子系統(tong)間彼此(ci)孤(gu)立，形成(cheng)大(da)量煙囪式系統(tong)和 碎片(pian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)信息(xi)，無法(fa)(fa)滿足新(xin)形勢下企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)統(tong)籌規(gui)劃、決(jue)策優化(hua)(hua)(hua)、高(gao)效管理及靈活(huo)快速響應等新(xin)需(xu) 求(qiu)。此(ci)外，傳(chuan)統(tong)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)自動化(hua)(hua)(hua)設備和工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)件高(gao)昂的(de)(de)價格給很多企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)尤其(qi)是中小企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)帶來(lai)較大(da) 成(cheng)本(ben)壓(ya)力。因(yin)此(ci)，企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)亟需(xu)一(yi)款(kuan)能夠打(da)破(po)各環節(jie)信息(xi)孤(gu)島，同(tong)時低(di)成(cheng)本(ben)開發工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)應用的(de)(de)平臺(tai) 產品(pin)，工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互聯網(wang)平臺(tai)成(cheng)為解(jie)決(jue)這一(yi)痛點的(de)(de)良好解(jie)決(jue)方案。
工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺較(jiao)傳(chuan)(chuan)統工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) IT 架(jia)(jia)構(gou)(gou)在技術架(jia)(jia)構(gou)(gou)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)數(shu)(shu)據、應(ying)(ying)用(yong)及價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)模(mo)式上均有很大優 勢。其(qi)中，技術架(jia)(jia)構(gou)(gou)上，傳(chuan)(chuan)統工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) IT 架(jia)(jia)構(gou)(gou)是(shi)封閉(bi)的(de)(de)大系統、垂直(zhi)耦合架(jia)(jia)構(gou)(gou)、本地(di)部(bu)(bu)署，因(yin) 此(ci)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)周期(qi)長，升(sheng)級(ji)成本高(gao);工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺則采用(yong)邊緣+云(yun)端的(de)(de)云(yun)原(yuan)生部(bu)(bu)署方(fang)式，采用(yong)平(ping) 臺化、分(fen)層(ceng)和(he)(he)微(wei)服(fu)(fu)務架(jia)(jia)構(gou)(gou)，敏捷(jie)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)，升(sheng)級(ji)成本低。工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)數(shu)(shu)據上，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺對采集數(shu)(shu) 據的(de)(de)管理、應(ying)(ying)用(yong)、整合能(neng)力更強，解決了傳(chuan)(chuan)統架(jia)(jia)構(gou)(gou)下(xia)數(shu)(shu)據來(lai)源(yuan)有限和(he)(he)數(shu)(shu)據孤(gu)島的(de)(de)痛點。工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) 應(ying)(ying)用(yong)上，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺通過(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機理模(mo)型(xing)、大數(shu)(shu)據分(fen)析模(mo)型(xing)、知識(shi)圖譜(pu)等將經(jing)驗和(he)(he)知識(shi)固 化成平(ping)臺資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)，提升(sheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)能(neng)力，同時改變了傳(chuan)(chuan)統“傳(chuan)(chuan)幫帶”式的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知識(shi)傳(chuan)(chuan)承途徑，基(ji) 于平(ping)臺上匯聚(ju)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機理模(mo)型(xing)和(he)(he)微(wei)服(fu)(fu)務組件，工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師能(neng)夠以更低成本、更高(gao)效率，更具拓展(zhan) 性地(di)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP，解決企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)創新(xin)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)中對于單(dan)一人才(cai)依(yi)賴的(de)(de)制約。價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)模(mo)式上，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu) 聯網(wang)(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺可(ke)實現資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)間的(de)(de)互(hu)聯互(hu)通和(he)(he)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)共享，數(shu)(shu)據價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)指(zhi)數(shu)(shu)級(ji)提升(sheng)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺相較(jiao) 傳(chuan)(chuan)統工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) IT 架(jia)(jia)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)優勢決定了其(qi)是(shi)未來(lai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)化、智(zhi)能(neng)化轉型(xing)的(de)(de)必(bi)然方(fang)向。
三、我國工業互聯網平臺目前發展程度如何?
3.1 發展歷程：源于云平臺，2015 年后迎來快速發展
工(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)平臺(tai)源于工(gong)(gong)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)云(yun)平臺(tai)，2015 年(nian)后隨(sui)著(zhu)國(guo)家大(da)力(li)推(tui)進(jin)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)而(er)迎來快速 發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。2009 年(nian)，阿里率(lv)先(xian)開展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)云(yun)平臺(tai)的研究(jiu)，并(bing)逐步(bu)與制造、交(jiao)通、能源等(deng)眾多領(ling)域(yu)領(ling)軍 企(qi)業(ye)合作，成(cheng)為(wei)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)搭建云(yun)平臺(tai)的重(zhong)要推(tui)手(shou)。2010 年(nian)之(zhi)后，騰訊、華(hua)為(wei)等(deng)相繼開放和 發(fa)(fa)布云(yun)平臺(tai)，加之(zhi)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)概念提出，為(wei)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)平臺(tai)的發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)奠定(ding)了(le)良好基礎(chu)。2015 年(nian) 后，隨(sui)著(zhu)國(guo)家政策開始大(da)力(li)推(tui)進(jin)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)的發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，特別是(shi) 2017 年(nian)國(guo)務院(yuan)發(fa)(fa)布《關于深化 “互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)+先(xian)進(jin)制造業(ye)”發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)的指導意見》，進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)確立了(le)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)的戰略(lve)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan) 地位(wei)，國(guo)內企(qi)業(ye)如航天(tian)云(yun)網(wang)(wang)(wang)、三一(yi)重(zhong)工(gong)(gong)、海爾(er)等(deng)紛紛布局工(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)平臺(tai)，我國(guo)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang) 平臺(tai)迎來快速發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。
3.2 發展階段：從概念普及走向落地深耕，處于快速發展階段
目(mu)前，我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)平臺(tai)正處于(yu)從(cong)概(gai)念普(pu)(pu)(pu)及(ji)走向(xiang)落地深耕(geng)的(de)快(kuai)速發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)階段，但整(zheng)體(ti)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)透率(lv) 仍然不高(gao)(gao)(gao)。根據(ju)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)安全發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)研(yan)究中心及(ji)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)兩化融合標委會發(fa)布的(de)《工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang) 平臺(tai)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)數據(ju)地圖(2021)》統計數據(ju)，2021 年(nian)(nian)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)平臺(tai)普(pu)(pu)(pu)及(ji)率(lv)約為(wei)(wei) 17.50%， 同比(bi)(bi)(bi)提升約 2.83 個百分點，整(zheng)體(ti)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)透率(lv)仍然不高(gao)(gao)(gao)。根據(ju)工(gong)信(xin)部(bu)《“十四五”信(xin)息(xi)(xi)化和工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)化 深度(du)融合發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)規劃》，目(mu)標到 2025 年(nian)(nian)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)平臺(tai)普(pu)(pu)(pu)及(ji)率(lv)達到 45%。參考(kao)該普(pu)(pu)(pu)及(ji)率(lv) 目(mu)標，我(wo)們(men)預計，未來 2-3 年(nian)(nian)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)平臺(tai)市場規模有(you)望保持快(kuai)速增長趨勢(shi)。 從(cong)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)端來看(kan)，由于(yu)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)平臺(tai)的(de)建設(she)對行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)化、數字化基礎具有(you)相對較高(gao)(gao)(gao)要 求，特別是(shi)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)上云(yun)情況，因此我(wo)們(men)可以參考(kao)設(she)備上云(yun)率(lv)及(ji)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)知識沉淀(dian)復用(yong)(yong)(yong)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)占比(bi)(bi)(bi)等(deng)指標來評估各(ge)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)平臺(tai)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)平。參考(kao)《工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)平臺(tai)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)數據(ju)地圖(2021)》 統計數據(ju)，我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)、輕工(gong)、交(jiao)通(tong)設(she)備制(zhi)造及(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子等(deng)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)平臺(tai)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)平相對較高(gao)(gao)(gao)， 2021 年(nian)(nian)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)設(she)備上云(yun)率(lv)最高(gao)(gao)(gao)，約為(wei)(wei) 25.83%，其(qi)(qi)次為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子、交(jiao)通(tong)設(she)備制(zhi)造及(ji)輕工(gong)行(xing)(xing) 業(ye)(ye)(ye)，設(she)備上云(yun)率(lv)分別為(wei)(wei) 22.30%、18.22%及(ji) 17.88%;各(ge)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)實現工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)知識沉淀(dian)復用(yong)(yong)(yong)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)比(bi)(bi)(bi) 例最高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，約為(wei)(wei) 18.68%，其(qi)(qi)次為(wei)(wei)機(ji)械、輕工(gong)及(ji)交(jiao)通(tong)設(she)備制(zhi)造行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)例分別為(wei)(wei) 18.04%、17.16%及(ji) 13.24%，但整(zheng)體(ti)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)透率(lv)均不高(gao)(gao)(gao)。
工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)按(an)功能和應(ying)用場(chang)景覆蓋范圍可大(da)致分為(wei)基礎性(xing)技術類(lei)、專業(ye)(ye)(ye)領域(yu)類(lei)、企業(ye)(ye)(ye) 級(ji)(ji)、行業(ye)(ye)(ye)級(ji)(ji)及(ji)跨行業(ye)(ye)(ye)跨領域(yu)級(ji)(ji)等(deng)，目前我國具有一定行業(ye)(ye)(ye)和區域(yu)影(ying)響(xiang)力(li)的(de)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)數量超過 240 家(jia)，跨行業(ye)(ye)(ye)跨領域(yu)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)數量達到(dao) 28 家(jia)。根據國家(jia)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)信(xin)息安全發(fa)展研究中心發(fa) 布的(de)《2022 工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)發(fa)展指數報告》，截至(zhi) 2022 年末，我國工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)監測(ce)系 統(tong)連(lian)接的(de)全國 32 家(jia)重點工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)設(she)備連(lian)接總數為(wei) 8,049.60 萬臺(tai)(tai)，工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)模型數 量合計為(wei) 85.16 萬個(ge)，工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 數量達到(dao) 29.33 萬個(ge)，我國工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)整(zheng)體保(bao)持 快(kuai)速發(fa)展趨勢。
四、工業互聯網平臺行業空間、格局如何?
4.1 工業互聯網平臺市場方興未艾，市場空間廣闊
我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)及(ji)相應(ying)(ying)(ying)解(jie)決方(fang)案市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)空(kong)間廣闊，且(qie)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)規模保持(chi)快速增長趨勢。根據 《中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)統計年鑒(2022)》數(shu)據，2021 年我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)規模以(yi)(yi)上工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)數(shu)量約(yue)(yue)為(wei)(wei) 44.15 萬家，我(wo)們 假設平(ping)均每家單位工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)建設費用為(wei)(wei) 500 萬元，市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)滲(shen)透率按 45%計算，則對應(ying)(ying)(ying) 市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)空(kong)間有望接近(jin)萬億元。市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)規模方(fang)面，根據共研網(wang)統計數(shu)據，2022 年我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang) 平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)及(ji)相應(ying)(ying)(ying)解(jie)決方(fang)案市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)規模約(yue)(yue)為(wei)(wei) 601.3 億元，同比增長約(yue)(yue) 38.9%，2020-2022 年復合增 速約(yue)(yue)為(wei)(wei) 41.0%，保持(chi)快速增長趨勢。此外(wai)，我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)及(ji)解(jie)決方(fang)案下游(you)(you)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)目(mu)前(qian)以(yi)(yi) 資源(yuan)(yuan)能源(yuan)(yuan)、裝備制造(zao)(zao)、通信(xin)及(ji)電子制造(zao)(zao)、原材料及(ji)汽車 5 大類(lei)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)。根據 IDC 統計數(shu) 據，2021 年，我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)及(ji)解(jie)決方(fang)案下游(you)(you)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)，資源(yuan)(yuan)能源(yuan)(yuan)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan) 21.8%，裝 備制造(zao)(zao)約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan) 19.1%，通信(xin)及(ji)電子制造(zao)(zao)約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan) 17.4%，原材料約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan) 16.2%，汽車行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan) 12.9%， 以(yi)(yi)上 5 大類(lei)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)合計占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比達到 87.4%，是目(mu)前(qian)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)及(ji)解(jie)決方(fang)案下游(you)(you)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)主(zhu)(zhu) 要構成行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
4.2 市場參與者眾多，但尚未構成直接競爭
目前(qian)(qian)我(wo)國(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)仍處于(yu)發(fa)(fa)展初期(qi)階(jie)段，由(you)于(yu)未來市(shi)場(chang)空(kong)間廣(guang)闊(kuo)，各(ge)類(lei)(lei)型(xing)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)紛紛布 局，形成行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)參(can)與(yu)者眾多，但尚未構(gou)成直接(jie)競(jing)爭的(de)市(shi)場(chang)格局。市(shi)場(chang)參(can)與(yu)主體(ti)方(fang)面，主要包括(kuo) 六大類(lei)(lei)廠(chang)(chang)商(shang)：第(di)(di)一類(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)領(ling)域(yu)(yu)龍頭企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)孵化(hua)出的(de)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)公司，如(ru)海爾卡(ka) 奧斯、徐工(gong)(gong)(gong)漢云、樹根互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)等;第(di)(di)二類(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)從傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)解(jie)決(jue)方(fang)案(an)提供(gong)(gong)商(shang)向平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)解(jie)決(jue)方(fang)案(an)服務商(shang) 轉(zhuan)型(xing)的(de)廠(chang)(chang)商(shang)，如(ru)能科(ke)(ke)科(ke)(ke)技(ji);第(di)(di)三類(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)管理(li)(li)軟件(jian)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，加(jia)速軟件(jian)云化(hua)發(fa)(fa)展，強化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)機理(li)(li)模型(xing) 開發(fa)(fa)，基(ji)于(yu) SaaS 層優(you)勢拓(tuo)展構(gou)建(jian) PaaS 層，如(ru)用友網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo);第(di)(di)四類(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)巨(ju)頭，積(ji)極向產 業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)領(ling)域(yu)(yu)拓(tuo)展，推(tui)出或合作共建(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)，如(ru)阿里、百(bai)度(du)(du);第(di)(di)五類(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)國(guo)內三大電 信運營(ying)商(shang)，基(ji)于(yu) 5G 網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)部署，打(da)造 5G+工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)解(jie)決(jue)方(fang)案(an)，如(ru)電信天翼云等;第(di)(di)六類(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi) 初創企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，針對特定工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)或領(ling)域(yu)(yu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)務痛點提供(gong)(gong)解(jie)決(jue)方(fang)案(an)，如(ru)昆侖數據(ju)(ju)、瀚云科(ke)(ke)技(ji)、全應 科(ke)(ke)技(ji)等。 市(shi)場(chang)份(fen)額方(fang)面，根據(ju)(ju) IDC 統(tong)(tong)(tong)計數據(ju)(ju)，2021 年，我(wo)國(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)及(ji)解(jie)決(jue)方(fang)案(an)市(shi)占率前(qian)(qian)五 廠(chang)(chang)商(shang)分別(bie)為(wei)華為(wei)(6.8%)、阿里巴巴(5.4%)、百(bai)度(du)(du)(4.4%)、用友(4.1%)、樹根互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(3.7%)， 行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye) CR5 為(wei) 24.4%，市(shi)場(chang)集中度(du)(du)不高。加(jia)之各(ge)類(lei)(lei)型(xing)廠(chang)(chang)商(shang)各(ge)有差異化(hua)競(jing)爭優(you)勢，且我(wo)國(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)仍處于(yu)發(fa)(fa)展初期(qi)階(jie)段，市(shi)場(chang)空(kong)間廣(guang)闊(kuo)，目前(qian)(qian)形成行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)參(can)與(yu)者眾多，但尚未構(gou)成直接(jie)競(jing) 爭的(de)市(shi)場(chang)格局。
從工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網平(ping)臺(tai)產品(pin)及解(jie)決(jue)方案角度來看(kan)，各類廠商均(jun)通(tong)過自身傳(chuan)統(tong)優勢切(qie)入工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian) 網平(ping)臺(tai)賽道，并(bing)向其(qi)他(ta)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)領域(yu)延(yan)伸。脫胎(tai)于傳(chuan)統(tong)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網平(ping)臺(tai)廠商，如海爾(er) 卡奧斯(si)、寶信軟(ruan)件(jian)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)憑借其(qi)在家(jia)電制造、鋼鐵(tie)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de) Know-how 經驗(yan)優勢布局(ju)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian) 網平(ping)臺(tai)，并(bing)逐步向其(qi)他(ta)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)延(yan)伸，形(xing)成(cheng)跨行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、跨領域(yu)的(de)大(da)型平(ping)臺(tai)，具(ju)備服務工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體系下多 行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、多領域(yu)的(de)技(ji)術(shu)能力(li)。能科(ke)科(ke)技(ji)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)系統(tong)解(jie)決(jue)方案提(ti)供(gong)商，則通(tong)過在以往國(guo)防軍工(gong)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) 的(de)系統(tong)實施經驗(yan)研發工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網平(ping)臺(tai)相關產品(pin)，其(qi)產品(pin)主要定位(wei)為企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)級，圍(wei)繞企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務痛 點和場景(jing)需求打(da)造工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網平(ping)臺(tai)。阿里云等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)則通(tong)過自身在云計(ji)算領域(yu)積(ji)累的(de)技(ji) 術(shu)和生態優勢，提(ti)供(gong)底層通(tong)用 PaaS 平(ping)臺(tai)，由生態伙伴(ban)共同(tong)開(kai)發上層工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 應用。
五、工業互聯網平臺匯聚 AI 要素，有望成為工業 AI 優良入口
5.1 工業互聯網平臺匯聚算力、算法、數據和應用，是工業 AI 的優良入口
工(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)平臺的本質(zhi)是通過工(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)網(wang)絡采集(ji)海量工(gong)(gong)業(ye)數(shu)據，并提供數(shu)據存(cun)儲、管(guan)理、 呈現、分析、建模及(ji)(ji)應(ying)用開(kai)發環境，匯聚制造業(ye)企業(ye)及(ji)(ji)第三方(fang)(fang)開(kai)發者(zhe)，開(kai)發出覆蓋(gai)產品全(quan)生 命周期的工(gong)(gong)業(ye) APP 應(ying)用，以提升工(gong)(gong)業(ye)生產經營效率。工(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)平臺匯聚了算(suan)(suan)力、數(shu)據、 算(suan)(suan)法及(ji)(ji)應(ying)用場景的 AI 全(quan)要素，有望(wang)成為工(gong)(gong)業(ye) AI 融合應(ying)用的優良入口(kou)。 算(suan)(suan)力方(fang)(fang)面：工(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)平臺采用云化部(bu)署方(fang)(fang)式(shi)，底層 IaaS 基礎設施(shi)能夠(gou)提供彈性可伸縮的 基礎算(suan)(suan)力資源。
數(shu)(shu)據(ju)方(fang)面：數(shu)(shu)據(ju)是 AI 模(mo)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“燃料(liao)”，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯網平臺(tai)(tai)能夠打(da)通和(he)匯聚企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)內部從研發(fa)(fa)設計、 工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝管理(li)(li)、生產制造、運維服務到經營管理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全環節(jie)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)，為 AI 模(mo)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)構建提供海量數(shu)(shu)據(ju) 資源。此外，隨著區(qu)域級(ji)及(ji)(ji)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)級(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯網平臺(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)逐步發(fa)(fa)展，跨區(qu)域及(ji)(ji)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)海量數(shu)(shu)據(ju)逐 步匯聚亦有望(wang)為工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) AI 大(da)模(mo)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)訓練(lian)奠定(ding)更(geng)加堅實的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)。 算法方(fang)面：工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯網平臺(tai)(tai) PaaS 層(ceng)封裝了工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯網平臺(tai)(tai)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)大(da)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)垂直行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) Know-how 知(zhi)識經驗，并基(ji)于此構建大(da)量可復(fu)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低(di)代碼開(kai)發(fa)(fa)模(mo)塊和(he)原理(li)(li)模(mo)型(xing)組件，能夠為工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) AI 模(mo) 型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)訓練(lian)奠定(ding)良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)算法層(ceng)基(ji)礎(chu)。 應(ying)用(yong)(yong)方(fang)面：工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯網平臺(tai)(tai)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)層(ceng)可提供覆蓋不(bu)同行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、不(bu)同領域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 及(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)創新 應(ying)用(yong)(yong)，是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) AI 模(mo)型(xing)落地應(ying)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有效載體。
5.2ChatGPT 代碼生成能力有望重塑工業 PaaS 低代碼平臺
工業互聯網平臺的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)之一是通(tong)過封裝(zhuang)在其 PaaS 平臺層的(de)(de)(de)大量通(tong)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)行業 Knowhow 知(zhi)識經驗或知(zhi)識組件以(yi)及算法和原理模型組件，以(yi)低(di)代(dai)(dai)(dai)碼(ma)方式(shi)構(gou)建上層工業 APP 應(ying) 用(yong)(yong)，而 ChatGPT 代(dai)(dai)(dai)碼(ma)生成能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)跨越(yue)式(shi)進(jin)步有(you)望(wang)重(zhong)塑工業 PaaS 低(di)代(dai)(dai)(dai)碼(ma)開(kai)發平臺。目前， 微軟已(yi)將 GPT 的(de)(de)(de)代(dai)(dai)(dai)碼(ma)生成能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)融入其低(di)代(dai)(dai)(dai)碼(ma)開(kai)發平臺 Power Platform，并(bing)于 2023 年 3 月 正式(shi)推出(chu) Power Platform Copilot 產品。Copilot 是 Microsoft Power Platform 的(de)(de)(de)一個新(xin)功(gong) 能(neng)(neng)，可(ke)以(yi)在 Power Apps, Power Virtual Agents 和 Power Automate 中基(ji)于 GPT 能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)提(ti)供 AI-powered 的(de)(de)(de)幫助，讓制作者可(ke)以(yi)用(yong)(yong)自然(ran)(ran)語(yu)言(yan)(yan)描述(shu)他們(men)(men)想要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)、流(liu)程或機器人，然(ran)(ran)后(hou) Copilot 可(ke)在幾秒(miao)鐘內完成創(chuang)建，并(bing)提(ti)供改進(jin)建議(yi)。我們(men)(men)認為，未來(lai)隨著 AIGC 在代(dai)(dai)(dai)碼(ma)生成 能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)方面的(de)(de)(de)逐步成熟，有(you)望(wang)使得非程序員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)工程師能(neng)(neng)夠使用(yong)(yong)自然(ran)(ran)語(yu)言(yan)(yan)指令進(jin)行零錯誤的(de)(de)(de)工 業 APP 開(kai)發，大幅提(ti)升工業互聯網平臺的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)創(chuang)建能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)、降低(di)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)開(kai)發成本。
六、重點公司分析
6.1 能科科技：自研“工業互聯網平臺”+“工業 APP”，打開公司全新成長空間
能(neng)(neng)科(ke)科(ke)技于 2021 年(nian)底正式推出(chu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯網平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)“樂(le)(le)倉(cang)(cang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li)(li)(li)中臺(tai)”、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP“樂(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) 應(ying)用(yong)”及(ji)樂(le)(le)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)資產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)等(deng)(deng)(deng)自(zi)研產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)，進一步打開公(gong)司全(quan)新成長空間。樂(le)(le)倉(cang)(cang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li)(li)(li)中臺(tai)包 括樂(le)(le)倉(cang)(cang) IT 容器、樂(le)(le)倉(cang)(cang)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)微(wei)(wei)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)組(zu)件、樂(le)(le)倉(cang)(cang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)(wu)微(wei)(wei)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)組(zu)件、樂(le)(le)倉(cang)(cang)智能(neng)(neng)體廠、樂(le)(le)倉(cang)(cang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)坊(fang)及(ji) 樂(le)(le)倉(cang)(cang)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)建模器等(deng)(deng)(deng)模塊，以(yi) aPaaS 形(xing)式向客戶提供(gong)(gong)微(wei)(wei)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)組(zu)件/API 服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)。樂(le)(le)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)資產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)平(ping)(ping) 臺(tai)，通(tong)過采集、盤點、治(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)、賦(fu)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)方式幫助企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)構建一站(zhan)式大數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)資產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)，打破企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)信(xin) 息孤島，為(wei)前臺(tai)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)(wu)提供(gong)(gong)強大而穩定的(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)治(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)、專項分(fen)析(xi)(xi)、數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)預警(jing)、智能(neng)(neng)分(fen)析(xi)(xi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)服(fu) 務(wu)(wu)(wu)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)。樂(le)(le)倉(cang)(cang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li)(li)(li)中臺(tai)及(ji)樂(le)(le)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)資產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)屬(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯網平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) PaaS 層。樂(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) 應(ying)用(yong)，以(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)力(li)(li)(li)中臺(tai)的(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)組(zu)件為(wei)基(ji)礎(chu)，在公(gong)司多年(nian)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)各類制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)實踐(jian)經驗基(ji)礎(chu) 上，定制(zhi)(zhi)開發(fa)出(chu)一系(xi)列企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)應(ying)用(yong)，包括樂(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)項目管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、樂(le)(le)造(zao)(zao) BOM 管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、樂(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)需求管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、樂(le)(le) 造(zao)(zao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)等(deng)(deng)(deng)研發(fa)設計(ji)類 APP，樂(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)等(deng)(deng)(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝類 APP，樂(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)執行管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、 樂(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)高級計(ji)劃排產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、樂(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈管(guan)控等(deng)(deng)(deng)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)類 APP，以(yi)及(ji)樂(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)質量保證管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、樂(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)設備 管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)等(deng)(deng)(deng)質量和維修保障(zhang)類 APP，屬(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯網平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 層。截至(zhi) 2022 年(nian)末，能(neng)(neng)科(ke) 自(zi)研樂(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)應(ying)用(yong)已上架 20 余(yu)款工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP，為(wei)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)研發(fa)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、質量到維 修保障(zhang)等(deng)(deng)(deng)全(quan)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)(wu)提供(gong)(gong)支持與賦(fu)能(neng)(neng)。
6.2 賽意信息：由工業軟件向工業互聯網平臺，推動制造業企業數字化轉型升級
賽意信(xin)息(xi)于(yu) 2018 年初推出自主技術研發(fa)的工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)互聯網(wang)平(ping)臺解決方案，在(zai)感(gan)知層(ceng)能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)運用智 能(neng)(neng)傳(chuan)感(gan)器采(cai)集(ji)設(she)(she)備(bei)的各類工(gong)(gong)況數(shu)(shu)據(ju)信(xin)息(xi)，通(tong)過智能(neng)(neng)網(wang)關(guan)在(zai)傳(chuan)輸(shu)層(ceng)應用多種通(tong)訊協議傳(chuan)送至工(gong)(gong) 業(ye)(ye)互聯網(wang)云端數(shu)(shu)據(ju)中(zhong)心，利用工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)互聯網(wang)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)中(zhong)心的采(cai)集(ji)、組織、分析(xi)能(neng)(neng)力(li)，基于(yu)已建立(li)的 完善的設(she)(she)備(bei)健康(kang)值模型(xing)，以(yi)(yi)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)為(wei)基礎(chu)，從(cong)現(xian)象出發(fa)，為(wei)客戶(hu)提供(gong)不(bu)同的設(she)(she)備(bei)檢(jian)修(xiu)與維護策 略。平(ping)臺通(tong)過邊緣層(ceng)、基礎(chu)設(she)(she)施層(ceng)(IaaS)對工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)的數(shu)(shu)字化采(cai)集(ji)、計算及(ji)存儲，實現(xian)工(gong)(gong) 業(ye)(ye)大數(shu)(shu)據(ju)的標(biao)準化;在(zai)此基礎(chu)上依托公司強大的研發(fa)能(neng)(neng)力(li)，在(zai)平(ping)臺層(ceng)(PaaS)對數(shu)(shu)據(ju)進(jin)行(xing) 資(zi)產管(guan)理和技術管(guan)理，完成數(shu)(shu)據(ju)集(ji)成接(jie)入、整合(he)存儲及(ji)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)萃(cui)取，以(yi)(yi)獲取面向應用及(ji)客戶(hu)的開(kai)放、統一(yi)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)服務(wu)中(zhong)間(jian)件;最后通(tong)過應用層(ceng)(SaaS)實現(xian)對企(qi)業(ye)(ye)關(guan)鍵生產設(she)(she)備(bei)及(ji)產線數(shu)(shu) 據(ju)的績效(xiao)分析(xi)、健康(kang)分析(xi)、安全分析(xi)及(ji)工(gong)(gong)藝分析(xi)等(deng)功能(neng)(neng)。
6.3 寶信軟件：xIn3Plat 工業互聯網平臺助力公司垂直行業拓展
寶信(xin)軟件于 2020 年推出工(gong)業(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯網平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai) xIn3Plat，xIn3Plat 在 2020-2022 年連續 3 年被評 為(wei)國家級“雙(shuang)跨”平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)。xIn3Plat 包含兩大平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)，分別為(wei)面向工(gong)業(ye)(ye)領域(yu)的工(gong)業(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai) iPlat 和面向產業(ye)(ye)領域(yu)的產業(ye)(ye)生態平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai) ePlat。其中(zhong)(zhong)，iPlat 平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)具(ju)備數字化、網絡化、智能化特(te)點(dian)， 可滿(man)足工(gong)業(ye)(ye)數據(ju)(ju)融(rong)合(he)、智能聯動、制造執行(xing)、遠程集控、視(shi)頻集成、工(gong)業(ye)(ye)實(shi)時(shi)、彈性(xing)擴展、 高可用等多(duo)種(zhong)智慧與創(chuang)新場(chang)景需(xu)求，并適用于多(duo)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)、多(duo)領域(yu);ePlat 平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)則具(ju)備平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)化、 中(zhong)(zhong)臺(tai)(tai)化、生態化特(te)點(dian)，采用前(qian)中(zhong)(zhong)后臺(tai)(tai)架構模式，打通企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)煙囪(cong)和數據(ju)(ju)豎井，實(shi)現互(hu)聯互(hu) 通、業(ye)(ye)務(wu)敏捷、數據(ju)(ju)智能。根(gen)據(ju)(ju) xIn3Plat 平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)官網顯示(shi)，截至(zhi)目前(qian)，xIn3Plat 平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)已連接工(gong) 業(ye)(ye)設(she)備 505 萬(wan)(wan)+，沉淀工(gong)業(ye)(ye)模型(xing) 1.4 萬(wan)(wan)+，承(cheng)載平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)微服(fu)務(wu) 5.9 萬(wan)(wan)+、云(yun)化軟件及工(gong)業(ye)(ye) APP1.3 萬(wan)(wan)+，服(fu)務(wu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)用戶 55 萬(wan)(wan)+。
6.4 東方國信：Cloudiip 注入工業企業數字化轉型新動力
Cloudiip 是(shi)東方(fang)國(guo)信自主(zhu)研(yan)發，跨(kua)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、跨(kua)領(ling)(ling)域，集(ji)“邊緣計(ji)算+工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) PaaS+工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP” 于一體(ti)的(de)綜合性(xing)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互聯網平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)。Cloudiip 工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互聯網平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)由(you) Cloudiip-Link(邊緣網關)、 Cloudiip-Access(平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)接入(ru))、Cloudiip-Lab(平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)計(ji)算)、Cloudiip-Apps(工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)應用集(ji))、 Cloudiip-Studio(平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)開發)、Cloudiip-Operation(平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)運(yun)營)、DataScience(數據(ju)科(ke)學(xue)平(ping)(ping) 臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai))、DataPlatform(數據(ju)云(yun)(yun)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai))構成，基于 Bon-Cloud 平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)部署(支持阿里云(yun)(yun)、華為(wei)云(yun)(yun)、 百度云(yun)(yun)等(deng)(deng)基礎云(yun)(yun)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai))，提供面(mian)(mian)向煉鐵、熱力、電力、能(neng)源、軌(gui)道交(jiao)通、汽車、機(ji)械制造等(deng)(deng) 行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)同時，面(mian)(mian)向資產(chan)管理、能(neng)源管理等(deng)(deng)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)領(ling)(ling)域和(he)(he)空(kong)壓機(ji)、工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鍋爐(lu)等(deng)(deng)重(zhong)要(yao)設備，優化設 備管理、研(yan)發設計(ji)、運(yun)營管理、生產(chan)執行、產(chan)品全生命(ming)周期管理和(he)(he)供應鏈協同，形成覆(fu)蓋研(yan) 發、生產(chan)、管理和(he)(he)服(fu)務領(ling)(ling)域的(de)智能(neng)制造全面(mian)(mian)解決方(fang)案。
6.5 用友網絡：用友精智，“平臺+生態”為制造業企業提供綜合數智化服務
用(yong)友(you)精智(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)(wang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)于 2017 年 8 月發(fa)布(bu)，是首批國家(jia)級(ji)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)(wang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)之(zhi)一(yi)，連(lian)(lian)續四 年(2019-2022)入選“工(gong)(gong)信部跨行業(ye)跨領(ling)域工(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)(wang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)清單(dan)”。 精智(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)(wang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai) 包含四層(ceng)(ceng)架構：邊緣層(ceng)(ceng)主要(yao)是工(gong)(gong)業(ye)現(xian)場人、機、物的連(lian)(lian)接，平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)支持(chi)連(lian)(lian)接的現(xian)場設備(bei)(bei)主要(yao)有(you) 動態供給類設備(bei)(bei)、制造(zao)生產加工(gong)(gong)類設備(bei)(bei)、檢測儀器(qi)儀表類設備(bei)(bei)、工(gong)(gong)業(ye)物流倉儲類設備(bei)(bei)、工(gong)(gong)程 建設類設備(bei)(bei)等(deng);IaaS 層(ceng)(ceng)主要(yao)與(yu)(yu)(yu)華為、阿里等(deng) IaaS 提(ti)供商合作(zuo);PaaS 層(ceng)(ceng)提(ti)供“三(san)中臺(tai)(tai)(tai)+三(san)平(ping)(ping)(ping) 臺(tai)(tai)(tai)“服務，即業(ye)務中臺(tai)(tai)(tai)、數(shu)據(ju)中臺(tai)(tai)(tai)、智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)中臺(tai)(tai)(tai)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)技(ji)術平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)、連(lian)(lian)接集(ji)成平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)、低(di)代碼開發(fa)平(ping)(ping)(ping) 臺(tai)(tai)(tai)，實現(xian)云(yun)計算、大(da)數(shu)據(ju)、人工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)、移動互(hu)(hu)聯、物聯網(wang)(wang)(wang)、區塊鏈(lian)等(deng)新(xin)一(yi)代信息技(ji)術與(yu)(yu)(yu)制造(zao) 業(ye)務的深化融(rong)合;SaaS 層(ceng)(ceng)主要(yao)包括數(shu)字化管理(li)以及全(quan)連(lian)(lian)接智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)工(gong)(gong)廠、安全(quan)生產、工(gong)(gong)業(ye)大(da)腦、 數(shu)字營銷、智(zhi)(zhi)慧采(cai)購、企業(ye)金融(rong)、智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)產品、智(zhi)(zhi)慧運(yun)維、智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)診(zhen)斷、PLM、項目(mu)型(xing)制造(zao)等(deng)新(xin) 型(xing) SaaS 服務。根據(ju)用(yong)友(you)網(wang)(wang)(wang)絡官網(wang)(wang)(wang)披露數(shu)據(ju)，截(jie)至目(mu)前，精智(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)(wang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)已連(lian)(lian)接設備(bei)(bei) 143.08 萬臺(tai)(tai)(tai)，擁有(you)工(gong)(gong)業(ye) APP 22,470 個(ge)、伙伴總數(shu) 6,681 個(ge)、伙伴應用(yong) 14,163 個(ge)。
6.6 科大訊飛：TuringPlat 圖聆，打造 AI 工業互聯網平臺
訊(xun)(xun)飛(fei)(fei) TuringPlat 圖聆工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)是科大訊(xun)(xun)飛(fei)(fei)打造的(de)跨行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、跨領(ling)(ling)域 AI 工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)平(ping)(ping) 臺(tai)(tai)(tai)，圍繞設備預測性(xing)維護、產品質(zhi)檢、人(ren)機交互(hu)(hu)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝參數(shu)(shu)優化等(deng)場(chang)景，構建(jian)“1+1+4+1”AI 能力平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)，可(ke)為工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)提(ti)(ti)供標(biao)準 AI 能力、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)大數(shu)(shu)據(ju)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)和(he)相關的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)物(wu)聯(lian)設備，同時 基于(yu)訊(xun)(xun)飛(fei)(fei)以及開發者提(ti)(ti)供的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) AI 能力，提(ti)(ti)供可(ke)被工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)直接調用的(de)標(biao)準接口，方(fang)便工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong) 業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)快(kuai)速形成工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)應(ying)用，包含(han)智(zhi)能語音、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)視(shi)覺(jue)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)模型(xing)訓練(lian)和(he)知識(shi)圖譜四(si)個平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)， 助力企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)數(shu)(shu)字化升級轉型(xing)。根(gen)據(ju)科大訊(xun)(xun)飛(fei)(fei)官(guan)網(wang)顯示數(shu)(shu)據(ju)，目(mu)前訊(xun)(xun)飛(fei)(fei) TuringPlat 圖聆工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu) 聯(lian)網(wang)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)已覆蓋(gai) 9 大領(ling)(ling)域、20 大行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，擁有工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)模型(xing) 5,845 個。
