一、工業互聯網平臺是什么?
1.1 工業互聯網平臺是工業互聯網的“操作系統”
工業互聯網平臺是面向制造業數字化、網絡化、智能化需求，構建基于海量數據采集、匯聚、 分析的服務體系，支撐制造資源泛在連接、彈性供給、高效配置的工業云平臺，是工業互聯 網的“操作系統”。工業互聯網平臺包括邊緣層、IaaS、PaaS 和 SaaS 四個層級。其中，邊 緣層是基礎，向下接入工業設備實現數據的采集與處理;工業 PaaS 層是核心，基于通用 PaaS 并融合大數據、人工智能多種創新功能，將工業機理沉淀為模型，實現數據的深度分 析并為 SaaS 層提供開發環境，是平臺核心能力的集中體現。應用層是關鍵，主要提供覆蓋 不同行業、不同領域的工業 APP 及創新性應用，形成工業互聯網平臺的最終價值。 對應從邊緣層到 SaaS 層的體系架構，工業互聯網平臺主要包括 4 大功能：(1)多源異構 數據采集，將網絡層面采集的多源、異構、海量數據，傳輸至工業互聯網平臺，為深度分析 和應用提供基礎;(2)海量數據處理，提供大數據、人工智能分析的算法模型和物理、化學 等各類仿真工具，結合數字孿生、工(gong)業(ye)智(zhi)能等技(ji)術，對海量數(shu)據挖(wa)掘分析，實現數(shu)據驅動的(de) 科學(xue)決(jue)策和智(zhi)能應用;(3)行業(ye)機(ji)理模型沉淀，將工(gong)業(ye)經驗知(zhi)識轉化為平臺(tai)上的(de)模型庫、知(zhi) 識庫，并(bing)通過工(gong)業(ye)微服務組件(jian)方式，方便二次開發和重復調用，加速共性能力沉淀和普及; (4)工(gong)業(ye)應用軟件(jian)開發，面向研發設計(ji)、設備管理、企業(ye)運(yun)營、資(zi)源調度等場景，提供各 類工(gong)業(ye) APP、云化軟件(jian)，幫(bang)助企業(ye)提質增效。
1.2 工業互聯網平臺同 PLM、PDM 等傳統工業軟件的區別
相(xiang)較(jiao)于 PLM、PDM 等本(ben)地(di)部署(shu)的產品(pin)數據管理類軟件，工(gong)業互聯(lian)網平臺的概念和(he)功能范(fan)圍 更廣。
PDM(Production Data Management)，即產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)數(shu)(shu)據管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)軟件(jian)(jian)，主要(yao)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)研(yan)發(fa)(fa)過程(cheng)的(de) 數(shu)(shu)據管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，包(bao)括(kuo)數(shu)(shu)據文(wen)檔管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、圖紙管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、CAD 集(ji)成、可視化管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、物料管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)與產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)結構 管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)配置管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作流管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、組(zu)織(zhi)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、權限管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)等。PLM(Production Lifecycle Management)，即產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)命周期管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)軟件(jian)(jian)，是 PDM 概念(nian)(nian)和思(si)想(xiang)的(de)延伸，PLM 包(bao)含 PDM 的(de)全(quan)部內(nei)容(rong)，PDM 的(de)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)是 PLM 系(xi)統(tong)的(de)子集(ji)，同時(shi) PLM 又(you)強調對產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)從需求(qiu)、立(li)項、研(yan) 發(fa)(fa)設(she)計(ji)、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)制(zhi)造到(dao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)交(jiao)付和售(shou)后(hou)維(wei)護(hu)全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)命周期內(nei)跨越供(gong)應(ying)鏈的(de)所有信息進行(xing)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)和利 用(yong)(yong)的(de)概念(nian)(nian)。 相較于(yu) PDM 及(ji) PLM 等本地部署(shu)的(de)傳統(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)軟件(jian)(jian)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)互聯網(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)采用(yong)(yong)云化部署(shu)方(fang)式(shi)，其 概念(nian)(nian)和功(gong)能(neng)(neng)范圍(wei)更廣(guang)。概念(nian)(nian)范圍(wei)上，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)互聯網(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)不僅僅局限于(yu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)數(shu)(shu)據環節，而是覆蓋 企業(ye)從研(yan)發(fa)(fa)設(she)計(ji)、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)制(zhi)造、運維(wei)服(fu)務(wu)到(dao)經(jing)營(ying)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)全(quan)環節。功(gong)能(neng)(neng)范圍(wei)上，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)互聯網(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺(tai) 不僅僅起到(dao)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營(ying)各(ge)環節數(shu)(shu)據打通(tong)(tong)的(de)作用(yong)(yong)，其還可通(tong)(tong)過部署(shu)在邊(bian)緣側設(she)備端的(de)大(da)量傳感(gan)器 實時(shi)采集(ji)各(ge)類設(she)備運行(xing)數(shu)(shu)據，匯聚(ju)至工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)互聯網(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)側進行(xing)建(jian)模(mo)分析和應(ying)用(yong)(yong)。此外，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)互 聯網(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)還可通(tong)(tong)過封裝在其工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye) PaaS 層(ceng)的(de)大(da)量通(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)的(de)行(xing)業(ye) Know-how 知識(shi)經(jing)驗或知識(shi)組(zu) 件(jian)(jian)以及(ji)算法和原(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)模(mo)型組(zu)件(jian)(jian)，以低代碼方(fang)式(shi)構建(jian)上層(ceng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye) APP 應(ying)用(yong)(yong)等各(ge)類云化工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)軟件(jian)(jian)。
1.3 工業 APP 同傳統工業軟件的區別
工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 是(shi)(shi)依托于(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互聯(lian)網平(ping)臺或工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)操作(zuo)系統等(deng)平(ping)臺，面向(xiang)(xiang)特(te)定工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)場景(jing)，解(jie)(jie)決(jue) 具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)問(wen)題(ti)，基于(yu)(yu)(yu)平(ping)臺的(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)引擎(qing)、資源、模(mo)型(xing)(xing)和業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務組件(jian)(jian)，將工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機理、技(ji)(ji)術(shu)、知(zhi)識(shi)、 算法與(yu)(yu)最佳工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)實(shi)踐進行(xing)代碼化封裝(zhuang)而(er)形成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)程(cheng)序(xu)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 具(ju)(ju)有(you)六方(fang)面典型(xing)(xing)特(te)征： (1)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 是(shi)(shi)某(mou)(mou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)項(xiang)(xiang)或某(mou)(mou)些(xie)(xie)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)知(zhi)識(shi)軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)形態(tai)的(de)載(zai)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti);(2)每一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 承(cheng)載(zai)解(jie)(jie)決(jue)某(mou)(mou)項(xiang)(xiang)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)問(wen)題(ti)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)知(zhi)識(shi)，解(jie)(jie)決(jue)特(te)定具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)問(wen)題(ti);(3)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 功能(neng)(neng)單(dan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti) 量相(xiang)對較(jiao)小;(4)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 可以(yi)(yi)不被緊(jin)耦合約(yue)束(shu)到某(mou)(mou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)中，可與(yu)(yu)其他應用(yong)(yong)(yong)程(cheng) 序(xu)或 APP 通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)接口(kou)交(jiao)互實(shi)現(xian)(xian)松(song)耦合應用(yong)(yong)(yong);(5)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 從概念提出(chu)到開發(fa)、應用(yong)(yong)(yong)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)生態(tai) 構建與(yu)(yu)形成(cheng)(cheng)都是(shi)(shi)基于(yu)(yu)(yu)平(ping)臺開展(zhan)的(de);(6)每個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 只解(jie)(jie)決(jue)特(te)定問(wen)題(ti)，對于(yu)(yu)(yu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)復(fu)雜工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)問(wen)題(ti)，可以(yi)(yi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)問(wen)題(ti)分解(jie)(jie)將復(fu)雜問(wen)題(ti)變成(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)系列單(dan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)問(wen)題(ti)，每一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個單(dan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)問(wen)題(ti)由對應工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 來(lai)解(jie)(jie)決(jue)。 工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種新形態(tai)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)，同 CAD、CAE、PLM、MES 等(deng)傳統工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)相(xiang)比， 其差異主要(yao)包括以(yi)(yi)下五點：(1)部署(shu)方(fang)式上(shang)，傳統工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)常本地化部署(shu)，而(er)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 通(tong)(tong)(tong)常采用(yong)(yong)(yong)云(yun)化等(deng)部署(shu)方(fang)式;(2)運行(xing)方(fang)式上(shang)，傳統工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)包含完(wan)整工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)要(yao)素(su)，如(ru)技(ji)(ji)術(shu) 引擎(qing)、數據庫等(deng)，而(er)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 必須(xu)依托平(ping)臺提供(gong)的(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)引擎(qing)、資源、模(mo)型(xing)(xing)等(deng)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)開發(fa)與(yu)(yu)運 行(xing);(3)軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)復(fu)雜度上(shang)，傳統工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)往(wang)往(wang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)量較(jiao)大(da)，操作(zuo)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)復(fu)雜，需要(yao)具(ju)(ju)備(bei)某(mou)(mou)些(xie)(xie)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)領 域知(zhi)識(shi)才能(neng)(neng)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)，而(er)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 則小輕(qing)靈、易(yi)操作(zuo);(4)可擴展(zhan)性上(shang)，傳統工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)常是(shi)(shi) 緊(jin)耦合的(de)，而(er)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 可以(yi)(yi)不被緊(jin)耦合約(yue)束(shu)到某(mou)(mou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)中，可與(yu)(yu)其他應用(yong)(yong)(yong)程(cheng)序(xu)或 APP 通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)接口(kou)交(jiao)互實(shi)現(xian)(xian)松(song)耦合應用(yong)(yong)(yong);(5)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)功能(neng)(neng)上(shang)，傳統工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)解(jie)(jie)決(jue)抽(chou)象(xiang)層次的(de) 通(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)問(wen)題(ti)，如(ru) CAD 軟(ruan)(ruan)件(jian)(jian)提供(gong)面向(xiang)(xiang)幾何建模(mo)的(de)高度抽(chou)象(xiang)的(de)功能(neng)(neng)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)等(deng)，而(er)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 則用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu) 解(jie)(jie)決(jue)特(te)定具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)問(wen)題(ti)，如(ru)某(mou)(mou)類(lei)齒輪設(she)計 APP 只能(neng)(neng)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)該(gai)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)齒輪設(she)計，無法用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)其他類(lei) 型(xing)(xing)齒輪的(de)設(she)計工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)等(deng)。
二、工業企業為什么要上工業互聯網平臺?
2.1 工業企業數字化、智能化轉型內需驅動工業互聯網平臺建設
宏(hong)觀層(ceng)面(mian)，我(wo)國(guo)(guo)經(jing)濟社會發展正(zheng)處于(yu)新(xin)(xin)舊動(dong)能(neng)(neng)轉(zhuan)換的(de)(de)關鍵時期，近年工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)值(zhi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)逐步(bu)趨 緩，我(wo)國(guo)(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)面(mian)臨(lin)高投入、高能(neng)(neng)耗、高污染、低(di)效益(yi)等問題(ti)，嚴(yan)重制(zhi)約我(wo)國(guo)(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟的(de)(de)高質(zhi) 量(liang)發展，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)通(tong)過(guo)數(shu)(shu)字化(hua)、智能(neng)(neng)化(hua)轉(zhuan)型(xing)帶動(dong)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)降本增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)效的(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)迫切(qie)(qie)。 中觀層(ceng)面(mian)，當前(qian)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)正(zheng)處于(yu)由數(shu)(shu)字化(hua)、網(wang)絡化(hua)向智能(neng)(neng)化(hua)發展的(de)(de)重要(yao)階(jie)段，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)的(de)(de) 快速(su)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)需(xu)要(yao)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)管理工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具，以實(shi)現(xian)海量(liang)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)低(di)成本、高可靠的(de)(de)存(cun)儲和管理;數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)豐 富為制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)開展更加(jia)精細化(hua)和精準化(hua)管理創(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)(zao)了前(qian)提，但(dan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)場景高度復雜，行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知識(shi)千 差(cha)萬別，傳(chuan)統(tong)由少數(shu)(shu)大(da)型(xing)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)驅(qu)動(dong)的(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)模式(shi)難(nan)以滿足不同企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)差(cha)異化(hua)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)，迫切(qie)(qie)需(xu) 要(yao)一(yi)個(ge)開放(fang)的(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)載體(ti)，通(tong)過(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知識(shi)與平臺功能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)開放(fang)調用(yong)(yong)，降低(di)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)創(chuang)(chuang) 新(xin)(xin)門(men)檻(jian)，實(shi)現(xian)智能(neng)(neng)化(hua)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)快速(su)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)。 微觀層(ceng)面(mian)，為快速(su)響應(ying)市場變化(hua)，制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)間在(zai)設計(ji)、生產等領域的(de)(de)并行(xing)組織與資源協同日 益(yi)頻繁，要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)設計(ji)、生產和管理系(xi)統(tong)都要(yao)更好支持與其他企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務交互(hu)，這就需(xu)要(yao)一(yi) 個(ge)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)交互(hu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具，實(shi)現(xian)不同主體(ti)、不同系(xi)統(tong)間的(de)(de)高效集(ji)成。海量(liang)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)管理、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)與 深度業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務協同，是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯網(wang)平臺發展的(de)(de)主要(yao)驅(qu)動(dong)力量(liang)。
2.2 工業互聯網平臺較傳統工業 IT 架構優勢明顯
傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye) IT 架構下(xia)數據碎(sui)片化、信息(xi)孤(gu)(gu)島(dao)化，無(wu)法靈活快速響應新需(xu)求。傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)自動(dong)化 及工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)(ruan)件的(de)(de)本質是(shi)把(ba)生產操作和管理(li)流程通過(guo)軟(ruan)(ruan)硬件系統(tong)(tong)(tong)方(fang)式予以(yi)固化，從而建立垂直(zhi)制 造體系，這一(yi)(yi)體系下(xia)負責不同業(ye)(ye)務環(huan)節或流程的(de)(de)子(zi)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)間彼(bi)此孤(gu)(gu)立，形成(cheng)大(da)量煙囪式系統(tong)(tong)(tong)和 碎(sui)片化信息(xi)，無(wu)法滿足新形勢下(xia)企業(ye)(ye)統(tong)(tong)(tong)籌規劃、決(jue)策優化、高(gao)效管理(li)及靈活快速響應等新需(xu) 求。此外，傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)(tong)(tong)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)自動(dong)化設備(bei)和工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)軟(ruan)(ruan)件高(gao)昂的(de)(de)價格給很多企業(ye)(ye)尤其是(shi)中小企業(ye)(ye)帶來較(jiao)大(da) 成(cheng)本壓力。因此，企業(ye)(ye)亟需(xu)一(yi)(yi)款能夠打破各環(huan)節信息(xi)孤(gu)(gu)島(dao)，同時低成(cheng)本開發(fa)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)應用的(de)(de)平(ping)臺(tai) 產品，工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)互聯(lian)網(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)成(cheng)為解決(jue)這一(yi)(yi)痛點(dian)的(de)(de)良好解決(jue)方(fang)案。
工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)較傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) IT 架(jia)(jia)(jia)構在技術架(jia)(jia)(jia)構、工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)數據(ju)、應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)及價值模(mo)(mo)式(shi)上均有很(hen)大(da)(da)優 勢(shi)。其中，技術架(jia)(jia)(jia)構上，傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) IT 架(jia)(jia)(jia)構是(shi)封閉的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)系統(tong)(tong)、垂直耦合架(jia)(jia)(jia)構、本(ben)(ben)(ben)地部署，因 此開發(fa)(fa)周期(qi)長，升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)高;工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)則采用(yong)(yong)邊緣+云端的(de)(de)(de)云原生部署方式(shi)，采用(yong)(yong)平(ping) 臺(tai)化、分(fen)層和(he)(he)微服務(wu)架(jia)(jia)(jia)構，敏捷開發(fa)(fa)，升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)低。工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)數據(ju)上，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)對采集數 據(ju)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)、應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)、整合能(neng)力更(geng)強，解決(jue)了傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)(tong)架(jia)(jia)(jia)構下數據(ju)來(lai)源有限和(he)(he)數據(ju)孤島的(de)(de)(de)痛點。工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) 應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)上，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)通(tong)過工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機理(li)模(mo)(mo)型(xing)、大(da)(da)數據(ju)分(fen)析模(mo)(mo)型(xing)、知(zhi)識圖譜(pu)等將經驗和(he)(he)知(zhi)識固 化成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)平(ping)臺(tai)資(zi)源，提升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)能(neng)力，同時改變了傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)(tong)“傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)幫帶”式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)識傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)承途徑，基 于平(ping)臺(tai)上匯聚的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)機理(li)模(mo)(mo)型(xing)和(he)(he)微服務(wu)組件(jian)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)程師(shi)能(neng)夠(gou)以更(geng)低成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)、更(geng)高效率，更(geng)具拓展(zhan)(zhan) 性地開發(fa)(fa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP，解決(jue)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)創新(xin)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)中對于單一人(ren)才依(yi)賴(lai)的(de)(de)(de)制約(yue)。價值模(mo)(mo)式(shi)上，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu) 聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)可實現資(zi)源間的(de)(de)(de)互(hu)聯(lian)互(hu)通(tong)和(he)(he)開發(fa)(fa)共(gong)享(xiang)，數據(ju)價值指數級提升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)相較 傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) IT 架(jia)(jia)(jia)構的(de)(de)(de)優勢(shi)決(jue)定了其是(shi)未來(lai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)數字化、智能(neng)化轉型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)必然方向。
三、我國工業互聯網平臺目前發展程度如何?
3.1 發展歷程：源于云平臺，2015 年后迎來快速發展
工業(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)源于工業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)云(yun)(yun)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)，2015 年后隨著(zhu)國家大(da)力推(tui)進工業(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)而(er)迎來快(kuai)速 發展(zhan)(zhan)。2009 年，阿里率先開展(zhan)(zhan)云(yun)(yun)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)研究，并逐步(bu)與制造、交通、能源等眾多領域領軍 企(qi)業(ye)(ye)合作，成(cheng)為(wei)工業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)搭(da)建云(yun)(yun)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)推(tui)手。2010 年之后，騰(teng)訊、華為(wei)等相繼(ji)開放和 發布云(yun)(yun)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)，加之工業(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)概念提(ti)出(chu)，為(wei)工業(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)(zhan)奠定了良好基(ji)礎(chu)。2015 年 后，隨著(zhu)國家政策開始大(da)力推(tui)進工業(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)(zhan)，特(te)別(bie)是 2017 年國務院發布《關于深化 “互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)+先進制造業(ye)(ye)”發展(zhan)(zhan)工業(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)的(de)(de)(de)指導意(yi)見(jian)》，進一步(bu)確立(li)了工業(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)的(de)(de)(de)戰略發展(zhan)(zhan) 地(di)位，國內企(qi)業(ye)(ye)如航天云(yun)(yun)網(wang)、三一重工、海爾等紛紛布局工業(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)，我國工業(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang) 平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)迎來快(kuai)速發展(zhan)(zhan)。
3.2 發展階段：從概念普及走向落地深耕，處于快速發展階段
目(mu)前，我(wo)國工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)平臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)正(zheng)處于從(cong)概(gai)念普(pu)及(ji)(ji)走(zou)向落地(di)深耕的快(kuai)速發(fa)展階段，但(dan)整體滲透(tou)(tou)率(lv)(lv) 仍(reng)然(ran)(ran)不(bu)高(gao)。根據(ju)國家工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)信息安全(quan)發(fa)展研究(jiu)中(zhong)心及(ji)(ji)全(quan)國兩化(hua)融合標(biao)(biao)委會發(fa)布的《工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang) 平臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)應用(yong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)地(di)圖(tu)(2021)》統計數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)，2021 年我(wo)國工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)平臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)普(pu)及(ji)(ji)率(lv)(lv)約為 17.50%， 同(tong)比(bi)(bi)提升約 2.83 個百分點，整體滲透(tou)(tou)率(lv)(lv)仍(reng)然(ran)(ran)不(bu)高(gao)。根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)信部(bu)《“十四(si)五”信息化(hua)和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua) 深度融合發(fa)展規劃(hua)》，目(mu)標(biao)(biao)到 2025 年我(wo)國工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)平臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)普(pu)及(ji)(ji)率(lv)(lv)達(da)到 45%。參(can)考(kao)該普(pu)及(ji)(ji)率(lv)(lv) 目(mu)標(biao)(biao)，我(wo)們預計，未(wei)來(lai)(lai) 2-3 年我(wo)國工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)平臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)市場規模有望(wang)保(bao)持快(kuai)速增長(chang)趨勢。 從(cong)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)端來(lai)(lai)看，由(you)于工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)平臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)的建(jian)設對行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)信息化(hua)、數(shu)(shu)(shu)字化(hua)基礎具有相(xiang)對較高(gao)要 求(qiu)，特別是(shi)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)上(shang)云(yun)(yun)情(qing)況(kuang)，因此我(wo)們可以參(can)考(kao)設備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)上(shang)云(yun)(yun)率(lv)(lv)及(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)識沉淀(dian)復用(yong)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)占比(bi)(bi)等指標(biao)(biao)來(lai)(lai)評估各(ge)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)平臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)應用(yong)水(shui)平。參(can)考(kao)《工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)平臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)應用(yong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)地(di)圖(tu)(2021)》 統計數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)，我(wo)國電(dian)力、輕(qing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、交(jiao)通設備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)制(zhi)(zhi)造及(ji)(ji)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)等行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)平臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)應用(yong)水(shui)平相(xiang)對較高(gao)， 2021 年我(wo)國電(dian)力行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)設備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)上(shang)云(yun)(yun)率(lv)(lv)最高(gao)，約為 25.83%，其(qi)次(ci)為電(dian)子(zi)(zi)、交(jiao)通設備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)制(zhi)(zhi)造及(ji)(ji)輕(qing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)行(xing) 業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，設備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)上(shang)云(yun)(yun)率(lv)(lv)分別為 22.30%、18.22%及(ji)(ji) 17.88%;各(ge)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實現工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)識沉淀(dian)復用(yong)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)比(bi)(bi) 例最高(gao)的為電(dian)子(zi)(zi)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，約為 18.68%，其(qi)次(ci)為機(ji)械、輕(qing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)及(ji)(ji)交(jiao)通設備(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)制(zhi)(zhi)造行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，比(bi)(bi)例分別為 18.04%、17.16%及(ji)(ji) 13.24%，但(dan)整體滲透(tou)(tou)率(lv)(lv)均不(bu)高(gao)。
工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)按功能和應用場景覆(fu)蓋范(fan)圍可大致分為(wei)基礎性技術類、專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)領(ling)域(yu)類、企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) 級、行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)級及跨(kua)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)跨(kua)領(ling)域(yu)級等，目前我國(guo)具有(you)一定行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和區域(yu)影響力的(de)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)數(shu)量超過 240 家，跨(kua)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)跨(kua)領(ling)域(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)數(shu)量達到 28 家。根據國(guo)家工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)信息安(an)全(quan)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)研究(jiu)中心發(fa)(fa) 布的(de)《2022 工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)指數(shu)報告》，截至(zhi) 2022 年(nian)末，我國(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)監測(ce)系(xi) 統(tong)連(lian)接(jie)的(de)全(quan)國(guo) 32 家重點工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)設備連(lian)接(jie)總數(shu)為(wei) 8,049.60 萬臺(tai)(tai)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)模型數(shu) 量合計為(wei) 85.16 萬個，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 數(shu)量達到 29.33 萬個，我國(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)整體保(bao)持(chi) 快速(su)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)趨勢。
四、工業互聯網平臺行業空間、格局如何?
4.1 工業互聯網平臺市場方興未艾，市場空間廣闊
我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯網(wang)平臺及相應(ying)解(jie)決方案(an)市場空間(jian)廣闊，且市場規模保持快速(su)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)趨(qu)勢。根據(ju)(ju)(ju) 《中國(guo)(guo)統(tong)計(ji)(ji)年(nian)鑒(2022)》數(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)，2021 年(nian)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)規模以上(shang)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)數(shu)量約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)為(wei) 44.15 萬(wan)家，我(wo)(wo)們 假設(she)平均每(mei)家單位工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯網(wang)平臺建設(she)費用為(wei) 500 萬(wan)元，市場滲透率按(an) 45%計(ji)(ji)算，則對(dui)應(ying) 市場空間(jian)有望(wang)接近萬(wan)億元。市場規模方面，根據(ju)(ju)(ju)共研(yan)網(wang)統(tong)計(ji)(ji)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)，2022 年(nian)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯網(wang) 平臺及相應(ying)解(jie)決方案(an)市場規模約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)為(wei) 601.3 億元，同比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue) 38.9%，2020-2022 年(nian)復合增(zeng) 速(su)約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)為(wei) 41.0%，保持快速(su)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)趨(qu)勢。此外，我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯網(wang)平臺及解(jie)決方案(an)下(xia)游行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)目(mu)(mu)前以 資(zi)源能源、裝(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)制造、通信及電子(zi)制造、原(yuan)材料及汽車 5 大類行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為(wei)主(zhu)。根據(ju)(ju)(ju) IDC 統(tong)計(ji)(ji)數(shu) 據(ju)(ju)(ju)，2021 年(nian)，我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯網(wang)平臺及解(jie)決方案(an)下(xia)游行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中，資(zi)源能源行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan) 21.8%，裝(zhuang) 備(bei)(bei)制造約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan) 19.1%，通信及電子(zi)制造約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan) 17.4%，原(yuan)材料約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan) 16.2%，汽車行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan) 12.9%， 以上(shang) 5 大類行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)合計(ji)(ji)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)(bi)達到(dao) 87.4%，是目(mu)(mu)前我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)(hu)聯網(wang)平臺及解(jie)決方案(an)下(xia)游市場主(zhu) 要構成行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
4.2 市場參與者眾多，但尚未構成直接競爭
目前(qian)(qian)我國(guo)(guo)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)仍(reng)處(chu)于(yu)(yu)發展(zhan)初(chu)期(qi)(qi)階(jie)段，由(you)于(yu)(yu)未(wei)來市(shi)場(chang)空(kong)(kong)間廣(guang)(guang)闊，各(ge)類(lei)(lei)型企(qi)業(ye)(ye)紛(fen)(fen)紛(fen)(fen)布 局(ju)，形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)參與(yu)者眾(zhong)多，但尚未(wei)構(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)直(zhi)(zhi)接(jie)競(jing)爭的(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)格局(ju)。市(shi)場(chang)參與(yu)主體方(fang)(fang)面，主要包括 六(liu)大類(lei)(lei)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)商：第(di)(di)一(yi)類(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)傳統工(gong)業(ye)(ye)領域龍頭企(qi)業(ye)(ye)孵化(hua)出(chu)的(de)(de)專業(ye)(ye)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)公司，如(ru)(ru)海爾卡(ka) 奧斯、徐工(gong)漢云、樹根(gen)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)等(deng);第(di)(di)二類(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)從傳統系統解決方(fang)(fang)案(an)提供(gong)商向平(ping)臺(tai)解決方(fang)(fang)案(an)服務商 轉型的(de)(de)廠(chang)(chang)(chang)商，如(ru)(ru)能科(ke)科(ke)技;第(di)(di)三類(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)管理軟件企(qi)業(ye)(ye)，加速軟件云化(hua)發展(zhan)，強化(hua)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)機理模型 開(kai)發，基于(yu)(yu) SaaS 層(ceng)優勢拓展(zhan)構(gou)建 PaaS 層(ceng)，如(ru)(ru)用友網(wang)絡;第(di)(di)四類(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)巨頭，積(ji)極向產 業(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)領域拓展(zhan)，推出(chu)或合作(zuo)共(gong)建工(gong)業(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)，如(ru)(ru)阿里、百(bai)度(du);第(di)(di)五(wu)類(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)內三大電 信(xin)(xin)運營商，基于(yu)(yu) 5G 網(wang)絡部署(shu)，打造 5G+工(gong)業(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)解決方(fang)(fang)案(an)，如(ru)(ru)電信(xin)(xin)天翼云等(deng);第(di)(di)六(liu)類(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi) 初(chu)創企(qi)業(ye)(ye)，針(zhen)對特定工(gong)業(ye)(ye)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)或領域業(ye)(ye)務痛點提供(gong)解決方(fang)(fang)案(an)，如(ru)(ru)昆侖數(shu)據(ju)、瀚云科(ke)技、全應 科(ke)技等(deng)。 市(shi)場(chang)份額(e)方(fang)(fang)面，根(gen)據(ju) IDC 統計數(shu)據(ju)，2021 年，我國(guo)(guo)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)及解決方(fang)(fang)案(an)市(shi)占率前(qian)(qian)五(wu) 廠(chang)(chang)(chang)商分(fen)別(bie)為華為(6.8%)、阿里巴巴(5.4%)、百(bai)度(du)(4.4%)、用友(4.1%)、樹根(gen)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)(3.7%)， 行(xing)業(ye)(ye) CR5 為 24.4%，市(shi)場(chang)集中(zhong)度(du)不高。加之各(ge)類(lei)(lei)型廠(chang)(chang)(chang)商各(ge)有(you)差異化(hua)競(jing)爭優勢，且我國(guo)(guo)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)仍(reng)處(chu)于(yu)(yu)發展(zhan)初(chu)期(qi)(qi)階(jie)段，市(shi)場(chang)空(kong)(kong)間廣(guang)(guang)闊，目前(qian)(qian)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)參與(yu)者眾(zhong)多，但尚未(wei)構(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)直(zhi)(zhi)接(jie)競(jing) 爭的(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)格局(ju)。
從(cong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)產(chan)(chan)品及解決方案角(jiao)度來看，各類(lei)廠商均(jun)通過自身傳(chuan)統(tong)優勢(shi)切入工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian) 網(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)賽(sai)道(dao)，并向其(qi)(qi)他行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)領域(yu)延伸(shen)。脫胎于(yu)傳(chuan)統(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)廠商，如海(hai)爾 卡奧(ao)斯、寶信軟件等憑借其(qi)(qi)在(zai)家電制(zhi)造、鋼鐵(tie)等行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de) Know-how 經驗優勢(shi)布局工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian) 網(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)，并逐步向其(qi)(qi)他行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)延伸(shen)，形成跨(kua)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、跨(kua)領域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)大型平(ping)臺(tai)，具備服務(wu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體系下多 行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、多領域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術能力(li)。能科(ke)科(ke)技(ji)等系統(tong)解決方案提供商，則(ze)通過在(zai)以往國(guo)防軍工(gong)(gong)(gong)等行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) 的(de)(de)(de)系統(tong)實施經驗研發(fa)(fa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)相關產(chan)(chan)品，其(qi)(qi)產(chan)(chan)品主(zhu)要定位為企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)級，圍繞企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)痛(tong) 點(dian)和場景需求打造工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)平(ping)臺(tai)。阿里云(yun)等互(hu)(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)則(ze)通過自身在(zai)云(yun)計算領域(yu)積累的(de)(de)(de)技(ji) 術和生態(tai)優勢(shi)，提供底層(ceng)通用 PaaS 平(ping)臺(tai)，由生態(tai)伙伴共同開發(fa)(fa)上層(ceng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 應用。
五、工業互聯網平臺匯聚 AI 要素，有望成為工業 AI 優良入口
5.1 工業互聯網平臺匯聚算力、算法、數據和應用，是工業 AI 的優良入口
工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)互聯(lian)網平(ping)(ping)臺的(de)(de)本(ben)質是通過工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)互聯(lian)網網絡采集海(hai)量工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)，并提(ti)供數(shu)(shu)據(ju)存儲、管理、 呈現、分析(xi)、建模及(ji)應(ying)用開(kai)(kai)發環(huan)境，匯聚制(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)及(ji)第三方開(kai)(kai)發者，開(kai)(kai)發出(chu)覆(fu)蓋產品全(quan)生(sheng) 命周期的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye) APP 應(ying)用，以提(ti)升(sheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產經營效率(lv)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)互聯(lian)網平(ping)(ping)臺匯聚了算(suan)力(li)、數(shu)(shu)據(ju)、 算(suan)法及(ji)應(ying)用場景的(de)(de) AI 全(quan)要素，有望成為工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye) AI 融合應(ying)用的(de)(de)優良入口。 算(suan)力(li)方面：工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)互聯(lian)網平(ping)(ping)臺采用云化部署方式，底(di)層 IaaS 基礎(chu)設施(shi)能夠提(ti)供彈性可(ke)伸(shen)縮的(de)(de) 基礎(chu)算(suan)力(li)資(zi)源。
數據(ju)方面(mian)(mian)：數據(ju)是(shi) AI 模(mo)型(xing)的(de)“燃料”，工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺能夠打(da)通和匯聚企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)內部(bu)從研發(fa)設計、 工(gong)(gong)藝管(guan)理(li)、生產(chan)制造、運(yun)維服務到經(jing)營管(guan)理(li)的(de)全環節數據(ju)，為 AI 模(mo)型(xing)的(de)構建提供(gong)海量數據(ju) 資源。此外，隨著(zhu)區域(yu)級及行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)級工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺的(de)逐(zhu)步(bu)發(fa)展，跨區域(yu)及行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)海量數據(ju)逐(zhu) 步(bu)匯聚亦有望為工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) AI 大(da)(da)模(mo)型(xing)的(de)訓(xun)(xun)練(lian)(lian)奠定(ding)更加堅實的(de)基礎(chu)。 算(suan)(suan)法方面(mian)(mian)：工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺 PaaS 層(ceng)封(feng)裝了工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)大(da)(da)量的(de)垂直行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) Know-how 知識經(jing)驗，并基于此構建大(da)(da)量可復用(yong)(yong)的(de)低(di)代碼開發(fa)模(mo)塊和原理(li)模(mo)型(xing)組(zu)件，能夠為工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) AI 模(mo) 型(xing)的(de)訓(xun)(xun)練(lian)(lian)奠定(ding)良好的(de)算(suan)(suan)法層(ceng)基礎(chu)。 應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)方面(mian)(mian)：工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)層(ceng)可提供(gong)覆蓋不同行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、不同領域(yu)的(de)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 及工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)創新 應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)，是(shi)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) AI 模(mo)型(xing)落地(di)應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)的(de)有效載體。
5.2ChatGPT 代碼生成能力有望重塑工業 PaaS 低代碼平臺
工(gong)業(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯網平(ping)(ping)臺的(de)(de)重(zhong)要能力(li)(li)(li)(li)之一是通(tong)過封裝在其 PaaS 平(ping)(ping)臺層的(de)(de)大量(liang)通(tong)用的(de)(de)行(xing)業(ye)(ye) Knowhow 知(zhi)識經驗(yan)或知(zhi)識組件(jian)以(yi)(yi)及算法和原理模型組件(jian)，以(yi)(yi)低(di)(di)代(dai)碼(ma)方(fang)式構建(jian)上層工(gong)業(ye)(ye) APP 應(ying) 用，而 ChatGPT 代(dai)碼(ma)生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)能力(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)跨越式進(jin)步有望(wang)重(zhong)塑工(gong)業(ye)(ye) PaaS 低(di)(di)代(dai)碼(ma)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)平(ping)(ping)臺。目(mu)前， 微軟(ruan)已將(jiang) GPT 的(de)(de)代(dai)碼(ma)生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)能力(li)(li)(li)(li)融入其低(di)(di)代(dai)碼(ma)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)平(ping)(ping)臺 Power Platform，并(bing)于 2023 年(nian) 3 月 正式推(tui)出 Power Platform Copilot 產品。Copilot 是 Microsoft Power Platform 的(de)(de)一個(ge)新功 能，可以(yi)(yi)在 Power Apps, Power Virtual Agents 和 Power Automate 中基于 GPT 能力(li)(li)(li)(li)提(ti)(ti)供(gong) AI-powered 的(de)(de)幫助，讓制作者(zhe)可以(yi)(yi)用自然(ran)語言描述(shu)他們想要的(de)(de)應(ying)用、流程(cheng)或機器人(ren)，然(ran)后 Copilot 可在幾(ji)秒鐘內完成(cheng)創建(jian)，并(bing)提(ti)(ti)供(gong)改進(jin)建(jian)議。我們認為(wei)，未來隨(sui)著 AIGC 在代(dai)碼(ma)生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng) 能力(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)面的(de)(de)逐步成(cheng)熟，有望(wang)使(shi)得非程(cheng)序員的(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)師能夠使(shi)用自然(ran)語言指令進(jin)行(xing)零錯誤的(de)(de)工(gong) 業(ye)(ye) APP 開(kai)(kai)發(fa)，大幅提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)互(hu)(hu)聯網平(ping)(ping)臺的(de)(de)應(ying)用創建(jian)能力(li)(li)(li)(li)、降(jiang)低(di)(di)應(ying)用開(kai)(kai)發(fa)成(cheng)本。
六、重點公司分析
6.1 能科科技：自研“工業互聯網平臺”+“工業 APP”，打開公司全新成長空間
能(neng)科(ke)科(ke)技于(yu) 2021 年底正式(shi)推出工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)“樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)倉(cang)(cang)生產(chan)(chan)力(li)中(zhong)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)”、工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP“樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) 應(ying)用(yong)(yong)”及樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)數(shu)(shu)(shu)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)資(zi)產(chan)(chan)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)等(deng)(deng)(deng)自(zi)研(yan)(yan)產(chan)(chan)品，進一(yi)步打開(kai)公(gong)司(si)全新(xin)成長空間。樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)倉(cang)(cang)生產(chan)(chan)力(li)中(zhong)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)包 括樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)倉(cang)(cang) IT 容器、樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)倉(cang)(cang)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)微服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)、樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)倉(cang)(cang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)微服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)、樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)倉(cang)(cang)智能(neng)體廠(chang)、樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)倉(cang)(cang)工(gong)坊及 樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)倉(cang)(cang)流程建模(mo)器等(deng)(deng)(deng)模(mo)塊，以 aPaaS 形式(shi)向客(ke)戶提供微服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)/API 服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)數(shu)(shu)(shu)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)資(zi)產(chan)(chan)平(ping)(ping)(ping) 臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，通過采集、盤點、治理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、賦能(neng)的(de)方式(shi)幫(bang)助企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)構建一(yi)站式(shi)大數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)資(zi)產(chan)(chan)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，打破(po)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)信 息孤島，為前(qian)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)提供強大而穩定的(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)治理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、專項(xiang)分析(xi)、數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)預警、智能(neng)分析(xi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)服(fu)(fu)(fu) 務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)能(neng)力(li)。樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)倉(cang)(cang)生產(chan)(chan)力(li)中(zhong)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)及樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)數(shu)(shu)(shu)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)資(zi)產(chan)(chan)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)屬工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) PaaS 層。樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) 應(ying)用(yong)(yong)，以生產(chan)(chan)力(li)中(zhong)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)微服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)為基礎(chu)，在(zai)公(gong)司(si)多年服(fu)(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)各類制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)實踐(jian)經(jing)驗(yan)基礎(chu) 上，定制(zhi)(zhi)開(kai)發(fa)出一(yi)系列企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)，包括樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)項(xiang)目管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao) BOM 管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)需求管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le) 造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)產(chan)(chan)品數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)等(deng)(deng)(deng)研(yan)(yan)發(fa)設計類 APP，樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)工(gong)藝(yi)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)等(deng)(deng)(deng)工(gong)藝(yi)類 APP，樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)生產(chan)(chan)執行(xing)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、 樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)高級計劃排(pai)產(chan)(chan)、樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)供應(ying)鏈(lian)管(guan)(guan)控等(deng)(deng)(deng)生產(chan)(chan)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)類 APP，以及樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)質量(liang)保證管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)設備 管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)等(deng)(deng)(deng)質量(liang)和維(wei)修(xiu)保障(zhang)類 APP，屬工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)互聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP 層。截至 2022 年末，能(neng)科(ke) 自(zi)研(yan)(yan)樂(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)已上架 20 余(yu)款工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye) APP，為制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)研(yan)(yan)發(fa)、工(gong)藝(yi)、生產(chan)(chan)、質量(liang)到維(wei) 修(xiu)保障(zhang)等(deng)(deng)(deng)全流程業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)提供支(zhi)持(chi)與賦能(neng)。
6.2 賽意信息：由工業軟件向工業互聯網平臺，推動制造業企業數字化轉型升級
賽意信息(xi)于 2018 年初推出自主技(ji)術研發(fa)的工(gong)業(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)平(ping)(ping)臺解決方(fang)案，在(zai)感(gan)知層(ceng)能夠運(yun)用智 能傳(chuan)感(gan)器采(cai)(cai)集(ji)設備的各類工(gong)況數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)信息(xi)，通(tong)(tong)過智能網(wang)關在(zai)傳(chuan)輸層(ceng)應(ying)用多種通(tong)(tong)訊(xun)協議(yi)傳(chuan)送至工(gong) 業(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)云端數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)中心，利用工(gong)業(ye)互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)中心的采(cai)(cai)集(ji)、組織、分析(xi)(xi)能力(li)，基(ji)于已(yi)建(jian)立的 完善的設備健康值模(mo)型(xing)，以數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)為(wei)基(ji)礎(chu)，從現象出發(fa)，為(wei)客戶提供不同的設備檢修與維護策(ce) 略。平(ping)(ping)臺通(tong)(tong)過邊緣(yuan)層(ceng)、基(ji)礎(chu)設施層(ceng)(IaaS)對工(gong)業(ye)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的數(shu)(shu)字化(hua)采(cai)(cai)集(ji)、計算(suan)及(ji)(ji)存儲(chu)，實(shi)現工(gong) 業(ye)大數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的標準化(hua);在(zai)此基(ji)礎(chu)上依托公司強大的研發(fa)能力(li)，在(zai)平(ping)(ping)臺層(ceng)(PaaS)對數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)進(jin)行(xing) 資(zi)產(chan)(chan)管理和技(ji)術管理，完成數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)集(ji)成接(jie)入、整(zheng)合存儲(chu)及(ji)(ji)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)萃(cui)取，以獲(huo)取面向應(ying)用及(ji)(ji)客戶的開放、統(tong)一數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)服務(wu)中間件;最后通(tong)(tong)過應(ying)用層(ceng)(SaaS)實(shi)現對企(qi)業(ye)關鍵生產(chan)(chan)設備及(ji)(ji)產(chan)(chan)線數(shu)(shu) 據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的績效(xiao)分析(xi)(xi)、健康分析(xi)(xi)、安全分析(xi)(xi)及(ji)(ji)工(gong)藝分析(xi)(xi)等(deng)功能。
6.3 寶信軟件：xIn3Plat 工業互聯網平臺助力公司垂直行業拓展
寶信軟件于(yu) 2020 年(nian)推(tui)出(chu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai) xIn3Plat，xIn3Plat 在 2020-2022 年(nian)連(lian)續 3 年(nian)被評 為(wei)國家(jia)級(ji)“雙跨”平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)。xIn3Plat 包(bao)含(han)兩大(da)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)，分別為(wei)面向工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)領域(yu)(yu)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互聯(lian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai) iPlat 和(he)面向產業(ye)(ye)(ye)領域(yu)(yu)的產業(ye)(ye)(ye)生態平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai) ePlat。其中(zhong)，iPlat 平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)具(ju)備數(shu)(shu)字化(hua)(hua)、網(wang)(wang)絡化(hua)(hua)、智能(neng)化(hua)(hua)特(te)(te)點(dian)， 可滿足工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)數(shu)(shu)據融(rong)合(he)、智能(neng)聯(lian)動、制造執行、遠(yuan)程集控、視頻(pin)集成(cheng)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)實時(shi)、彈性(xing)擴展、 高可用等多(duo)種(zhong)智慧(hui)與創新場景需求，并適用于(yu)多(duo)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)、多(duo)領域(yu)(yu);ePlat 平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)則(ze)具(ju)備平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)化(hua)(hua)、 中(zhong)臺(tai)化(hua)(hua)、生態化(hua)(hua)特(te)(te)點(dian)，采(cai)用前中(zhong)后臺(tai)架構(gou)模式，打(da)通企業(ye)(ye)(ye)業(ye)(ye)(ye)務煙囪和(he)數(shu)(shu)據豎井，實現互聯(lian)互 通、業(ye)(ye)(ye)務敏捷、數(shu)(shu)據智能(neng)。根據 xIn3Plat 平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)官網(wang)(wang)顯示(shi)，截(jie)至目前，xIn3Plat 平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)已連(lian)接工(gong)(gong)(gong) 業(ye)(ye)(ye)設(she)備 505 萬(wan)+，沉淀工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)模型 1.4 萬(wan)+，承載平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)微服(fu)務 5.9 萬(wan)+、云化(hua)(hua)軟件及工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye) APP1.3 萬(wan)+，服(fu)務企業(ye)(ye)(ye)用戶 55 萬(wan)+。
6.4 東方國信：Cloudiip 注入工業企業數字化轉型新動力
Cloudiip 是東方(fang)國信(xin)自主研發(fa)，跨(kua)(kua)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)、跨(kua)(kua)領域，集“邊緣計(ji)算+工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye) PaaS+工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye) APP” 于(yu)一體(ti)的綜合性工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯網(wang)平(ping)(ping)臺。Cloudiip 工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯網(wang)平(ping)(ping)臺由 Cloudiip-Link(邊緣網(wang)關)、 Cloudiip-Access(平(ping)(ping)臺接入)、Cloudiip-Lab(平(ping)(ping)臺計(ji)算)、Cloudiip-Apps(工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)應用集)、 Cloudiip-Studio(平(ping)(ping)臺開發(fa))、Cloudiip-Operation(平(ping)(ping)臺運營(ying))、DataScience(數據(ju)科學平(ping)(ping) 臺)、DataPlatform(數據(ju)云(yun)平(ping)(ping)臺)構成，基(ji)于(yu) Bon-Cloud 平(ping)(ping)臺部(bu)署(支(zhi)持阿里云(yun)、華為云(yun)、 百度(du)云(yun)等(deng)基(ji)礎(chu)云(yun)平(ping)(ping)臺)，提(ti)供(gong)面(mian)向(xiang)(xiang)煉鐵、熱力、電力、能(neng)源、軌道交通、汽(qi)車、機械制(zhi)造等(deng) 行業(ye)(ye)(ye)的同(tong)時，面(mian)向(xiang)(xiang)資產(chan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)、能(neng)源管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)等(deng)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)領域和(he)空壓機、工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鍋爐等(deng)重要設(she)備，優化設(she) 備管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)、研發(fa)設(she)計(ji)、運營(ying)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)、生(sheng)產(chan)執行、產(chan)品全(quan)生(sheng)命(ming)周期管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)和(he)供(gong)應鏈(lian)協同(tong)，形成覆蓋研 發(fa)、生(sheng)產(chan)、管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)和(he)服務領域的智(zhi)能(neng)制(zhi)造全(quan)面(mian)解決方(fang)案。
6.5 用友網絡：用友精智，“平臺+生態”為制造業企業提供綜合數智化服務
用(yong)友(you)精智(zhi)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)互聯(lian)(lian)網平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)于 2017 年 8 月(yue)發(fa)布(bu)，是(shi)(shi)首批國(guo)家級工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)互聯(lian)(lian)網平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)之(zhi)一(yi)，連續四(si) 年(2019-2022)入選(xuan)“工(gong)(gong)信部(bu)跨(kua)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)跨(kua)領域工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)互聯(lian)(lian)網平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)清單”。 精智(zhi)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)互聯(lian)(lian)網平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai) 包(bao)含(han)四(si)層(ceng)架構：邊緣層(ceng)主要是(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)現(xian)場(chang)人、機、物的連接(jie)(jie)(jie)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)支持連接(jie)(jie)(jie)的現(xian)場(chang)設(she)(she)備(bei)主要有(you) 動態供給類設(she)(she)備(bei)、制造生(sheng)產加工(gong)(gong)類設(she)(she)備(bei)、檢測儀器儀表類設(she)(she)備(bei)、工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)物流倉(cang)儲(chu)類設(she)(she)備(bei)、工(gong)(gong)程 建(jian)設(she)(she)類設(she)(she)備(bei)等(deng);IaaS 層(ceng)主要與(yu)(yu)華為(wei)、阿里等(deng) IaaS 提(ti)供商合(he)作;PaaS 層(ceng)提(ti)供“三(san)中臺(tai)(tai)+三(san)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping) 臺(tai)(tai)“服務(wu)，即業(ye)(ye)務(wu)中臺(tai)(tai)、數(shu)據中臺(tai)(tai)、智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)中臺(tai)(tai)，與(yu)(yu)技術平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)、連接(jie)(jie)(jie)集成平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)、低(di)代碼開(kai)發(fa)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping) 臺(tai)(tai)，實現(xian)云計算(suan)、大數(shu)據、人工(gong)(gong)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)、移動互聯(lian)(lian)、物聯(lian)(lian)網、區(qu)塊鏈等(deng)新(xin)(xin)一(yi)代信息技術與(yu)(yu)制造 業(ye)(ye)務(wu)的深化融合(he);SaaS 層(ceng)主要包(bao)括數(shu)字化管(guan)理以及全連接(jie)(jie)(jie)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)工(gong)(gong)廠、安全生(sheng)產、工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)大腦(nao)、 數(shu)字營銷(xiao)、智(zhi)慧(hui)采購、企業(ye)(ye)金(jin)融、智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)產品(pin)、智(zhi)慧(hui)運維、智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)診斷、PLM、項目(mu)(mu)型(xing)制造等(deng)新(xin)(xin) 型(xing) SaaS 服務(wu)。根據用(yong)友(you)網絡官(guan)網披露(lu)數(shu)據，截至(zhi)目(mu)(mu)前，精智(zhi)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)互聯(lian)(lian)網平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)已(yi)連接(jie)(jie)(jie)設(she)(she)備(bei) 143.08 萬臺(tai)(tai)，擁有(you)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye) APP 22,470 個、伙伴總數(shu) 6,681 個、伙伴應用(yong) 14,163 個。
6.6 科大訊飛：TuringPlat 圖聆，打造 AI 工業互聯網平臺
訊(xun)飛(fei) TuringPlat 圖(tu)聆工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯網(wang)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)是科大訊(xun)飛(fei)打造的跨(kua)行業(ye)(ye)、跨(kua)領域 AI 工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)互(hu)聯網(wang)平(ping)(ping) 臺(tai)，圍繞設備預測性(xing)維(wei)護、產品(pin)質檢、人機(ji)交互(hu)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝參數(shu)優化(hua)等(deng)場景，構建“1+1+4+1”AI 能(neng)(neng)力(li)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)，可(ke)為工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)提供(gong)標(biao)準(zhun) AI 能(neng)(neng)力(li)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)大數(shu)據平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)和相關的工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)物聯設備，同(tong)時 基于訊(xun)飛(fei)以及開發者提供(gong)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye) AI 能(neng)(neng)力(li)，提供(gong)可(ke)被工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)直(zhi)接調用(yong)的標(biao)準(zhun)接口，方便工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong) 業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)快速(su)形成工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)應(ying)用(yong)，包(bao)含(han)智能(neng)(neng)語音、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)視覺、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)模型訓(xun)練和知識(shi)圖(tu)譜四個平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)， 助力(li)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)數(shu)字化(hua)升級轉型。根據科大訊(xun)飛(fei)官(guan)網(wang)顯示(shi)數(shu)據，目前訊(xun)飛(fei) TuringPlat 圖(tu)聆工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)互(hu) 聯網(wang)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)已覆蓋(gai) 9 大領域、20 大行業(ye)(ye)，擁有工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)模型 5,845 個。
